Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 74

Devanagari script

दाता प्रतिग्रहीता च वचनं हि परस्परम् । मन्यतेऽधःकरो यस्य सोऽल्पबुद्धिः प्रहीयते

Transliteration

dātā pratigrahītā ca vacanaṃ hi parasparam | manyate'dhaḥkaro yasya so'lpabuddhiḥ prahīyate

Translation

ผู้ให้และผู้รับย่อมกล่าวกันด้วยความพึ่งพาอาศัยกัน; แต่ผู้ใดเห็นอีกฝ่ายว่า “ต่ำต้อย” ผู้นั้นปัญญาน้อยและเสื่อมจากความเข้าใจอันชอบ

Word by Word

• दाता: the giver
• दाता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (1st/Nominative), एकवचनम्

• प्रतिग्रहीता: the receiver (of gifts)
• प्रतिग्रहीता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रति + ग्रह् (धातु) → प्रतिग्रहीतृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (1st/Nominative), एकवचनम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; समुच्चयार्थक-निपातः (conjunction)

• वचनम्: speech, statement
• वचनम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (2nd/Accusative), एकवचनम्; कर्म

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; निपातः (emphasis)

• परस्परम्: mutually, to each other
• परस्परम्: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परस्पर (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययप्राय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; परस्पर-क्रियाविशेषणम् (reciprocal adverb: 'mutually')

• मन्यते: thinks, considers
• मन्यते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारः (Present), प्रथम-पुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्

• अधःकरः: base/mean (person)
• अधःकरः: Karma (Object-complement/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधः + कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (1st/Nominative), एकवचनम्; 'अधःकर' = नीच-कर (low-handed/mean)

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (6th/Genitive), एकवचनम्; सम्बन्ध

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (1st/Nominative), एकवचनम्

• अल्पबुद्धिः: a person of little understanding
• अल्पबुद्धिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अल्प + बुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (1st/Nominative), एकवचनम्; बहुव्रीहिवत्-प्रयोगः (one who has little intellect)

• प्रहीयते: is diminished / is forsaken
• प्रहीयते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हā (धातु) उपसर्गः प्र-
• Form: लट्-लकारः (Present), प्रथम-पुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्; कर्मणि/भावे-प्रयोगः (passive sense: 'is abandoned/declines')

Speaker

Hārīta

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: dhīmat (wise interlocutor)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Two figures—donor and recipient—face each other with balanced posture; a third figure (sage) instructs them. One figure’s arrogant stance is contrasted with the ideal of mutual respect.

Characters & Entities

• Hārīta

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Charity must be grounded in humility; contempt in giving or receiving destroys wisdom.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

None is named; the verse teaches social and moral dharma.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

An ethical rule for dāna: maintain mutual respect; do not demean the counterpart.