Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 82

Devanagari script

सोदकुम्भमथान्नाद्यं बांधवैर्यत्प्रदीयते । दिनेदिने स तद्भुक्त्वा तेन वृद्धिं प्रयाति च

Transliteration

sodakumbhamathānnādyaṃ bāṃdhavairyatpradīyate | dinedine sa tadbhuktvā tena vṛddhiṃ prayāti ca

Translation

และหม้อน้ำกับเครื่องบูชาอาหารที่ญาติมิตรถวายให้—เขาบริโภควันแล้ววันเล่า จึงเจริญขึ้นในภาวะเปรตด้วยสิ่งนั้น

Word by Word

• स-उदकुम्भम्: a water-pot (with water)
• स-उदकुम्भम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदकुम्भ (प्रातिपदिक); स (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ ‘सह’)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; समासः—सह उदकुम्भेन/उदकुम्भम् (अव्ययीभाव, ‘with a water-pot’)

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (Discourse connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भ-बोधक (then/and then)

• अन्नाद्यम्: food and provisions
• अन्नाद्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्नाद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; समासः—अन्नं च आद्यं च (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व; ‘food and other eatables’)

• बान्धवैः: by (his) relatives
• बान्धवैः: Karta (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बान्धव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन

• यत्: which
• यत्: Karma (Object implied/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-प्रत्यय (relative pronoun)

• प्रदीयते: is given
• प्रदीयते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र√दा (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), आत्मनेपद

• दिने-दिने: day by day
• दिने-दिने: Kala-adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; पुनरुक्ति-प्रयोग (each day, day by day)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (object of gerund)

• भुक्त्वा: having eaten
• भुक्त्वा: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भुज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (Gerund/त्वान्त), परस्मैपद-धातु; पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having eaten)

• तेन: by that
• तेन: Karana/Hetu (Means/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• वृद्धिम्: growth
• वृद्धिम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• प्रयाति: attains
• प्रयाति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र√या (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-बोधक

Speaker

Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa) to the sages (deduced from Māheśvarakhaṇḍa narrative frame)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Relatives place a water-pot (udaka-kumbha) and food offerings; in the subtle realm the preta receives them day by day, visibly gaining strength and form.

Characters & Entities

• Bāndhava (relatives)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Family duty continues beyond death: offerings of water and food sustain the departed in the intermediate state.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific location is praised in this verse; it addresses ritual support for the departed.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Providing a water-pot (udakumbha) and daily food offerings by relatives.