Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 80

Devanagari script

नवैतानि प्रकाश्यानि रहः पापमकुत्सितम् । प्रायोग्यमृणशुद्धिश्च सान्वयः क्रयविक्रयौ । कन्यादानं गुणोत्कर्षो नान्यत्केनापि कुत्रचित्

Transliteration

navaitāni prakāśyāni rahaḥ pāpamakutsitam | prāyogyamṛṇaśuddhiśca sānvayaḥ krayavikrayau | kanyādānaṃ guṇotkarṣo nānyatkenāpi kutracit

Translation

เก้าประการนี้ไม่พึงประกาศ: บาปลับ (แม้ไม่ถูกติเตียน), วิธีปฏิบัติของตน, การชำระหนี้, วงศ์สกุล, การซื้อขาย, การให้บุตรีในการสมรส (กัญญาทาน), และความเด่นในคุณธรรม—ไม่ควรบอกแก่ผู้ใด ณ ที่ใดเลย

Word by Word

• नव: nine
• नव: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नव (संख्या/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (एतानि इत्यस्य विशेषण)

• एतानि: these (things)
• एतानि: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• प्रकाश्यानि: to be disclosed
• प्रकाश्यानि: Kriya (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + काश् (धातु) + य (प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृदन्त; भाव्य/अनर्ह-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; अर्थः ‘प्रकाशयितव्यानि’

• रहः: a secret/private matter
• रहः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रहस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (समुच्चय-गणनायाम्)

• पापम्: sin/evil deed
• पापम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अकुत्सितम्: not blameworthy/not censured
• अकुत्सितम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ + कुत्सित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; नञ्-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण

• प्रायोग्यम्: fit for use/practical matter
• प्रायोग्यम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र + योग्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ऋणशुद्धिः: clearing of debt
• ऋणशुद्धिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋण + शुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष समास (ऋणस्य शुद्धिः); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Avyaya (Connector/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-बोधक (conjunction)

• स: with/along (that)
• स: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (अन्वयः इत्यस्य विशेषणरूपेण)

• अन्वयः: lineage/family connection
• अन्वयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्वय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• क्रयविक्रयौ: buying and selling
• क्रयविक्रयौ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रय + विक्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन

• कन्यादानम्: giving a daughter in marriage
• कन्यादानम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कन्या + दान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष समास (कन्यायाः दानम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• गुणोत्कर्षः: excellence/superiority of qualities
• गुणोत्कर्षः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण + उत्कर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष समास (गुणानाम् उत्कर्षः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Avyaya (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)

• अन्यत्: anything else
• अन्यत्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• केन: by anyone
• केन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; प्रश्न/अनिर्दिष्ट-कर्ता (instrumental ‘by anyone’)

• अपि: even/also
• अपि: Avyaya (Modifier/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण/समुच्चयार्थक (particle: even/also)

• कुत्रचित्: anywhere/ever
• कुत्रचित्: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कुत्रचित् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक अनिश्चित (indefinite locative adverb)

Speaker

Skanda

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Muni

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A moral allegory: a person tries to reveal secrets to a crowd, while a sage gently restrains him; in the background, symbolic scenes show a hidden ledger (debts), a family tree scroll (lineage), a marketplace (buy/sell), a wedding negotiation (kanyā-dāna), and a mirror reflecting a halo (self-praise) that is covered with cloth.

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

A disciplined householder protects privacy around faults, finances, family matters, and merit, avoiding pride and vulnerability.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The instruction is framed within Kāśī’s sacred discourse, but no single tīrtha is named in this verse.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Kanyādāna (marriage-gift of a daughter) is referenced as a significant rite whose details should be guarded.