Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 71

Devanagari script

शयानमभ्युदयते ब्रध्नश्चेद्ब्रह्मचारिणम् । प्रमादादथ निम्लोचेज्जपन्नपवसेद्दिनम्

Transliteration

śayānamabhyudayate bradhnaścedbrahmacāriṇam | pramādādatha nimlocejjapannapavaseddinam

Translation

หากพรหมจารีนอนอยู่ทั้งที่สุริยะขึ้นแล้ว และด้วยความประมาทปล่อยให้สุริยะลับไปอีก ก็พึงชดใช้ด้วยการสวดภาวนา (ชปะ) และถืออุโบสถอดอาหารตลอดวันนั้น

Word by Word

• śayānam: one who is lying down
• śayānam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śī (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle) 'शयन्'; नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन (Accusative Singular)

• abhyudayate: rises up
• abhyudayate: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi + ud + i (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्गाः अभि-उद्- (to rise up/stand up)

• bradhnaḥ: a brahmacārin (student/ascetic)
• bradhnaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bradhna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन (Nominative Singular)

• cet: if
• cet: Sambandha (Discourse/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: cet (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तार्थक-अव्यय (conditional particle: if)

• brahmacāriṇam: a brahmacārin
• brahmacāriṇam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahma (प्रातिपदिक) + cārin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन (Accusative Singular); उपपद-तत्पुरुषः: ब्रह्मणि चरति इति (one who practices brahmacarya)

• pramādāt: from negligence
• pramādāt: Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pramāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-एकवचन (Ablative Singular)

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (Discourse/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अनन्तरार्थक/प्रसङ्गार्थक-अव्यय (then/now)

• nimlocet: should lie down/sink down
• nimlocet: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni + mluc (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्गः नि- (to sink down/lie down)

• japan: reciting (japa)
• japan: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jap (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन (Nominative Singular)

• apavaset: should fast/observe penance
• apavaset: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: apa + vas (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्गः अप- (to stay away/fast/observe abstinence)

• dinam: for a day
• dinam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dina (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन (Accusative Singular)

Speaker

Skanda

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A student in a simple hut awakens late; the sun is already high. In remorse at dusk, he sits facing a lamp, counting japa beads, with a simple fasting meal untouched beside him.

Characters & Entities

• bradhna (sun)
• brahmacārin
• japa
• upavāsa
• Kāśī

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Student-dharma requires alertness and discipline; if negligence occurs, sincere correction through japa and fasting restores purity.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

While no single tirtha is named, the rule is taught within the Kāśīkhaṇḍa’s Kāśī context, framing conduct as part of life in sacred Varanasi.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Prāyaścitta is indicated: spend the day in japa (mantra repetition) and upavāsa (fasting) if one wastes the day through sleep.