तपस्तादृक्क्व वा तिष्ये तिष्ये योगः क्व तादृशः । क्व वा व्रतं क्व वा दानं तिष्ये मोक्षस्त्वतः कुतः
tapastādṛkkva vā tiṣye tiṣye yogaḥ kva tādṛśaḥ | kva vā vrataṃ kva vā dānaṃ tiṣye mokṣastvataḥ kutaḥ
ในยุคติษยะ ตบะเช่นนั้นจะมีที่ใด? ในติษยะ โยคะเช่นนั้นจะมีที่ใด? พรตเช่นนั้นอยู่ที่ใด และทานเช่นนั้นอยู่ที่ใด? แล้วในติษยะ โมกษะจะเกิดจากวิถีเหล่านั้นได้อย่างไร
Agastya (deduced)
Tirtha: Implied: Kāśī/Avimukta as Kali-yuga refuge
Type: kshetra
Scene: A stark contrast tableau: on one side, idealized ancient ascetics performing severe tapas and yoga; on the other, Kali-yuga people distracted and hurried. A luminous Kāśī/Gaṅgā/Viśveśvara motif appears as a compassionate refuge bridging the gap.
In Kali/Tiṣya Yuga, classical disciplines are hard to perfect; the text prepares the case for a more accessible salvific support—Kāśī’s grace-centered path.
Implicitly Kāśī/Avimukta, since the argument contrasts difficult practices with the easier liberating refuge taught in the Kāśīkhaṇḍa context.
Tapas, yoga, vrata, and dāna are referenced as traditional means—here described as difficult to realize in Tiṣya yuga.