Skanda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 80

Devanagari script

फलत्यागे फलं देयं रसत्यागे च तद्रसः । धान्यत्यागे च तद्धान्यमथवा शालयः स्मृताः । धेनुं दद्यात्प्रयत्ने न सालंकारा सकांचनाम्

Transliteration

phalatyāge phalaṃ deyaṃ rasatyāge ca tadrasaḥ | dhānyatyāge ca taddhānyamathavā śālayaḥ smṛtāḥ | dhenuṃ dadyātprayatne na sālaṃkārā sakāṃcanām

Translation

เมื่อสละผลไม้ พึงให้ทานผลไม้; เมื่อสละน้ำรส พึงให้ทานน้ำรสนั้น. เมื่อสละธัญญาหาร พึงให้ทานธัญญาหารนั้น—หรือดังที่คัมภีร์สมฤติกล่าว แม้ถึงยุ้งฉางธัญญาหาร. และด้วยความเพียร พึงถวายโคที่ประดับตกแต่ง พร้อมทองคำ เป็นทานอันยิ่ง

Word by Word

• फलत्यागे: in (the case of) giving up fruit
• फलत्यागे: Adhikarana (Context/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: फल (प्रातिपदिक) + त्याग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (फलस्य त्यागः)

• फलम्: fruit
• फलम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; अत्र कर्मरूपेण (देयम्)

• देयम्: should be given
• देयम्: Predicate (Vidhi/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दा (धातु) + यत् (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृत्य-प्रत्ययान्त (यत्), विधेय/आज्ञार्थक; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘देयम्’ = should be given

• रसत्यागे: in giving up juice/flavor
• रसत्यागे: Adhikarana (Context/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रस (प्रातिपदिक) + त्याग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (रसस्य त्यागः)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• तद्रसः: that juice (corresponding juice)
• तद्रसः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + रस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समासः (तस्य रसः)

• धान्यत्यागे: in giving up grain
• धान्यत्यागे: Adhikarana (Context/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धान्य (प्रातिपदिक) + त्याग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (धान्यस्य त्यागः)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• तद्धान्यम्: that grain (corresponding grain)
• तद्धान्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + धान्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समासः (तत् धान्यम् = that grain)

• अथवा: or
• अथवा: Sambandha (Alternative/विकल्प)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथवा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पबोधक-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)

• शालयः: rice grains (śāli)
• शालयः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शालि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• स्मृताः: are stated/remembered (as prescribed)
• स्मृताः: Kriya (Predicative/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ (धातु) + क्त (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकालिक-विशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; अत्र ‘स्मृताः (भवन्ति)’ = are said/are prescribed

• धेनुम्: a cow
• धेनुम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धेनु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• दद्यात्: should give
• दद्यात्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• प्रयत्ने: with care/effort
• प्रयत्ने: Adhikarana (Manner-context/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रयत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; ‘प्रयत्ने’ = with effort/carefully (context-locative)

• न: not
• न: Pratishedha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation particle)

• सालंकारा: ornamented
• सालंकारा: Karma (Object-qualifier/कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/सह-अर्थक) + अलंकार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (धेनुम्—अभिप्रेतम्); ‘सालंकारा’ = with ornaments

• सकांचनाम्: with gold
• सकांचनाम्: Karma (Object-qualifier/कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/सह-अर्थक) + काञ्चन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (धेनुम्); ‘सकाञ्चनाम्’ = with gold (gold-adorned)

Speaker

Unspecified (narrative instruction within Dharmāraṇya Khaṇḍa)

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: A king (contextual rājan)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A vow-keeper offers baskets of fruits, jars of juice, sacks of grain, and finally a decorated cow with a small gold offering, in a dharma-sabha or tīrtha-side charity setting.

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Renunciation becomes complete when it is paired with generosity—give others what you have personally given up.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The teaching is framed within Dharmāraṇya’s sacred-dharma context rather than a single named tirtha in this verse.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Donate fruits/juices/grain corresponding to one’s dietary vow; additionally, prescribe go-dāna (donation of a cow), ideally adorned and accompanied by gold.