Mantra 3

Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance (adopted into VS); specific seer depends on RV source identification

Devata: Agni (as hotṛ/offerer) with Mitra–Varuṇa and the Viśve Devāḥ as recipients; ṛta as governing principle

Chandas: Jagatī/Tr̥ṣṭubh-family (ṛgvedic-style), as transmitted

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यजा॑ नो मि॒त्रावरु॑णा॒ यजा॑ दे॒वाँ२ ऋ॒तं बृ॒हत् । अग्ने॒ यक्षि॒ स्वं दम॑म्

Transliteration

yájā no mitrā́varuṇā yájā devā́n ṛtáṃ bṛhát | ágne yákṣi sváṃ dámam ||

Translation

ขอจงบูชาเพื่อเราต่อมิตระและวรุณะ (Mitra-Varuṇa); ขอจงบูชาต่อเทพทั้งหลาย—ต่อฤตะ (ṛta) อันยิ่งใหญ่. โอ อัคนิ (Agni) จงถวาย (ท่านเหล่านั้น) ในเรือนของท่านเอง.

Padapatha (Word Analysis)

यज । नः । मित्रावरुणा । यज । देवान् । ऋतम् । बृहत् । अग्ने । यक्षि । स्वम् । दमम् ।

Word by Word

• यज: sacrifice/worship (you)
• यज: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (dhātu)

• नः: for us / of us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (pronoun)

• मित्रावरुणा: O Mitra and Varuṇa
• मित्रावरुणा: —
• Type: Noun (proper, dual)
• Root: मित्र- + वरुण- (devatā-nāma, compound)

• यज: sacrifice/worship (you)
• यज: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (dhātu)

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव- (prātipadika)

• ऋतम्: the ṛta (cosmic order/true rite)
• ऋतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत- (prātipadika)

• बृहत्: great, lofty
• बृहत्: —
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बृहन्त् (prātipadika)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: —
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: अग्नि- (prātipadika)

• यक्षि: worship/sacrifice (you)
• यक्षि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (dhātu; desiderative/variant stem यक्ष् in Vedic)

• स्वम्: one’s own
• स्वम्: —
• Type: Adjective/Pronoun
• Root: स्व- (prātipadika)

• दमम्: house/home/abode
• दमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम- (prātipadika)

Entities Mentioned

• Agni
• Mitra
• Varuṇa
• Viśve Devāḥ (All the Gods)
• Ṛta (the Great Order)