Mantra 45
Rishi: Vājasaneyin school transmission (Yājñavalkya-line).
Devata: Ratha/royal power; protective deities implicit (Indra, the Maruts) rather than explicitly named.
Chandas: Triṣṭubh.
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
र॒थ॒वाह॑णᳪ ह॒विर॑स्य॒ नाम॒ यत्रायु॑धं॒ निहि॑तमस्य॒ वर्म॑ । तत्रा॒ रथ॒मुप॑ श॒ग्मᳪ स॑देम वि॒श्वाहा॑ व॒यᳪ सु॑मन॒स्यमा॑नाः
Transliteration
ratha-vā́haṇaṃ havírasya nā́ma yátrā́yudhaṃ níhitaṃ asya várma | tátrā rathám úpa śagmáṃ sadema viśvā́hā vayáṃ sumanasyámānāḥ ||
Translation
‘ผู้แบกรถศึก’ คือชื่อของเครื่องบูชา (havis) นี้ ณ ที่ซึ่งอาวุธของเขาถูกวางไว้ และเกราะของเขาถูกจัดตั้งไว้ ที่นั่นเอง ขอให้เรานั่งเคียงรถศึกโดยสวัสดิมงคลและความร่มเย็น ตลอดกาลทั้งปวงของเรา ด้วยจิตอันผ่องใสเมตตา.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
र॒थ॒-वाह॑णम् । ह॒विषः॑ । नाम॑ । यत्र॑ । आयु॑धम् । निहि॑तम् । अस्य॑ । वर्म॑ । तत्र॑ । रथ॑म् । उप॑ । श॒ग्मम् । स॑देम । वि॒श्वाहा॑ । व॒यम् । सु॒मन॒स्यमा॑नाः ।
Word by Word
रथवाहणम्‘chariot-bearer’ (vehicle/charioteer)
रथवाहणम्:
कर्म (नाम इति वाक्ये ‘नाम’ इत्यस्य विशेष्य/कर्म-सम्बन्ध) अथवा विधेय-सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootरथ-वाहन (प्रातिपदिक) < वह् (धातु, ‘वहति’ = वहन करना) से ‘वाहन’
हविषःof the oblation
हविषः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘हविस्’ का
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (प्रातिपदिक)
नामname
नाम:
विधेय (predicate nominative/accusative sense: ‘is the name’)
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
अधिकारण (where)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र (अव्यय)
आयुधम्weapon
आयुधम्:
कर्म (निहितम् इत्यस्य) / कर्तृ-सम्बन्ध (कर्मणि प्रयोगे)
TypeNoun
Rootआयुध (प्रातिपदिक)
निहितम्placed, deposited
निहितम्:
क्रिया (स्थापन-भाव) — ‘placed’
TypeVerb
Rootनि-धा (धातु) → निहित (कृदन्त, क्त)
अस्यof this
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (of this/its)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वर्मarmor, protective covering
वर्म:
कर्म (निहितम् इत्यस्य) / अधिकरण-सम्बन्ध (यत्र… निहितम्)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्मन्/वर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
तत्रthere
तत्र:
अधिकारण (there)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
कर्म (उप…सदेम इत्यस्य) — ‘approach the chariot’
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
उपnear, towards
उप:
क्रियाविशेषण (approach/near)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
शग्मम्auspicious, beneficial
शग्मम्:
कर्म-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootशग्म (प्रातिपदिक)
सदेमmay we sit/approach
सदेम:
क्रिया (कर्तृ: वयम्)
TypeVerb
Rootसद् (धातु, ‘सीदति/सदति’) — लोट्/विधिलिङ् रूप (वैदिक)
विश्वाहाevery day, always
विश्वाहा:
काल-अधिकारण (always, every day)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविश्व + अहन् (समास; अव्ययीभाव)
वयम्we
वयम्:
कर्तृ (सदेम इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुमनस्यमानाःbeing well-disposed, with good will
सुमनस्यमानाः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-मनस् (प्रातिपदिक) + √अस्/भू? → ‘सुमनस्य’ (भाव) + मान (शानच्/मान) कृदन्त; वैदिक: सुमनस्य-मान = ‘सुमनाः भूत्वा/सुमनस्का: सन्तः’
Entities Mentioned
R
Ratha (Chariot as consecrated vehicle)I
Indra (implicit)M
Maruts (implicit)P
Protective powers (Āvaraṇa/Varma principle)Ritual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes