Mantra 38
Rishi: Yājñavalkya (traditional)
Devata: Agni as Gandharva; Apsarases (Mudaḥ) as associated devatā
Chandas: Yajus (prose with embedded nominal clauses)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ऋ॒ता॒षाडृ॒तधा॑मा॒ऽग्निर्ग॑न्ध॒र्वस्तस्यौ॑षधयोऽप्स॒रसो॒ मुदो॒ नाम॑ । स न॑ इ॒दं ब्रह्म॑ क्ष॒त्रं पा॑तु॒ तस्मै॒ स्वाहा॒ वाट् ताभ्य॒: स्वाहा॑
Transliteration
r̥tāṣā́ḍ r̥tádhāmā́ ’gnír gandharvás tásyauṣadhayo ’psaráso múdo nā́ma | sá na idáṃ bráhma kṣatráṃ pātu tásmai svā́hā vā́ṭ tā́bhyaḥ svā́hā ||
Translation
อัคนี ผู้พิชิตด้วยฤตะ (ṛta ระเบียบอันเที่ยงธรรมแห่งจักรวาล) ผู้มีธรรมบัญญัติเป็นฤตะนั้น เป็นคันธรรพะ; ของท่านคือพืชสมุนไพรทั้งหลาย และอัปสราทั้งหลายชื่อ ‘มุทา (Muda)’. ขอท่านจงคุ้มครองแก่เราซึ่งพรหม (อำนาจแห่งพราหมณ์/พิธี) และกษัตร (อำนาจราชา). แด่ท่าน svāhā! vāt! แด่พวกนาง svāhā!
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
ऋताषाट् । ऋतधामा । अग्निः । गन्धर्वः । तस्य । ओषधयः । अप्सरसः । मुदः । नाम । सः । नः । इदम् । ब्रह्म । क्षत्रम् । पातु । तस्मै । स्वाहा । वाट् । ताभ्यः । स्वाहा ।
Word by Word
ऋताषाट्truth-conquering; overpowering by ṛta
ऋताषाट्:
विशेषण (कर्तृ-पदस्य) / कर्ता-सम्बन्धी
TypeAdjective
Rootऋत-षाड् (प्रातिपदिक; षाड् = √षह् ‘to overpower/withstand’ से निष्पन्न) अथवा बहुव्रीहि-समास
ऋतधामाwhose abode/brightness is ṛta
ऋतधामा:
विशेषण (अग्निः) / कर्ता-सम्बन्धी
TypeAdjective
Rootऋत-धामन् (प्रातिपदिक; धामन् = ‘धाम/आश्रय/तेजस्’) बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष-समास
अग्निःAgni (fire-deity)
अग्निः:
कर्तृ (मुख्य विषय) / समास्य-विशेष्य
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
गन्धर्वःthe Gandharva
गन्धर्वः:
समनाधिकरण (अग्निः = गन्धर्वः) / कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
तस्यof him/of that
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘of him/that’
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ओषधयःthe plants/herbs
ओषधयः:
कर्तृ/समनाधिकरण (तस्य … अप्सरसः) — apposition
TypeNoun
Rootओषधि (प्रातिपदिक)
अप्सरसःthe Apsarases
अप्सरसः:
समनाधिकरण (ओषधयः = अप्सरसः) / कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी
TypeNoun
Rootअप्सरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
मुदःjoys; delights
मुदः:
समनाधिकरण/विशेषण-भाव (नाम-सम्बन्ध) — ‘(they are) joys’
TypeNoun
Rootमुद् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘joy/delight’)
नामby name; namely
नाम:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषणार्थ (नाम-निर्देश) — ‘by name/namely’
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम (अव्यय)
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ (पा॑तु इत्यस्य) — ‘he’
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
नःfor us; our
नः:
सम्प्रदान (beneficiary) — ‘for us’
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
इदम्this
इदम्:
कर्म (पा॑तु इत्यस्य) — ‘this’
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम)
ब्रह्मbrahman; sacred power / priestly order
ब्रह्म:
कर्म (इदम् …) — ‘brahman/holy power; priesthood’
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्/ब्रह्म (प्रातिपदिक)
क्षत्रम्kṣatra; royal power / rulership
क्षत्रम्:
कर्म (इदम् …) — ‘kṣatra/royal power’
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
पातुmay (he) protect
पातु:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√पा (पालने)
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
सम्प्रदान (आहुत्यै/नमस्कारे) — ‘to him’
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
स्वाहाsvāhā (hail!; offering-call)
स्वाहा:
यज्ञ-प्रयोग (आहुत्यन्त) / मन्त्र-समापन
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वाहा (निपात/अव्यय; आहुत्यन्त-मन्त्रशब्द)
वाट्vāṭ (ritual exclamation/marker)
वाट्:
मन्त्र-उद्गार/समापन
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवाट् (निपात; वैदिक-उद्गार/समापन-चिह्न)
ताभ्यःto them
ताभ्यः:
सम्प्रदान (अप्सरसः/ओषधयः प्रति) — ‘to them’
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
स्वाहाsvāhā
स्वाहा:
यज्ञ-प्रयोग (आहुत्यन्त)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वाहा (अव्यय)
Entities Mentioned
A
Agni (as Gandharva, ṛtāṣāḍ ṛtadhāmā)A
Apsarases (Mudaḥ)O
Oṣadhayaḥ (Plants)Ritual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes