Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 52

उपमन्युतपः-निवारणप्रसङ्गः / Śiva restrains Upamanyu’s tapas (Śiva disguised as Indra)

Devanagari script

व्रतं पाशुपतं ज्ञानं व्रतयोगं च तत्त्वतः । ददौ तस्मै प्रवक्तृत्वपाटवं सुचिरं परम्

Transliteration

vrataṃ pāśupataṃ jñānaṃ vratayogaṃ ca tattvataḥ | dadau tasmai pravaktṛtvapāṭavaṃ suciraṃ param

Translation

ท่านประทานว्रตปาศุปตะ ญาณอันให้ความหลุดพ้น และโยคะแห่งว्रตตามหลักตัตตวะโดยแท้; อีกทั้งประทานความชำนาญสูงสุดอันยืนยาวในการสั่งสอนและอธิบายธรรม

Word by Word

• व्रतम्: vow/observance
• व्रतम्: Karma (कर्म) — ददौ का कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• पाशुपतम्: Pāśupata (of Paśupati)
• पाशुपतम्: Karma (कर्म) — व्रतम् का विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाशुपत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; व्रतम्-विशेषण

• ज्ञानम्: knowledge
• ज्ञानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• व्रतयोगम्: discipline/union of the vow (vow-yoga)
• व्रतयोगम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक) + योग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (व्रतस्य योगः), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) — समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• तत्त्वतः: truly/essentially
• तत्त्वतः: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (तद्धित)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb) — तसिल्-प्रत्ययार्थ: 'in truth/essentially'

• ददौ: gave
• ददौ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• तस्मै: to him
• तस्मै: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (context), चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन; dative pronoun

• प्रवक्तृत्वपाटवम्: skill in teaching/speaking
• प्रवक्तृत्वपाटवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रवक्तृत्व (प्रातिपदिक; √वच् + तृ + त्व) + पाटव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (प्रवक्तृत्वस्य पाटवम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• सुचिरम्: very long-lasting/for a long time
• सुचिरम्: Karma (कर्म) — विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + चिर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; पाटवम्-विशेषण

• परम्: supreme/excellent
• परम्: Karma (कर्म) — विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; पाटवम्-विशेषण

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Characters & Entities

• Shiva
• Paśupati

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse presents Śiva’s grace as twofold: inner liberation through true knowledge (jñāna) and outer purification through disciplined observance (vrata-yoga). In Shaiva Siddhanta terms, it indicates the Lord (Pati) loosening the bonds (pāśa) of the soul (paśu) by imparting right doctrine and the capacity to transmit it.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Pāśupata vrata and vrata-yoga typically express devotion to Saguna Śiva—Paśupati—through regulated worship and conduct. Such disciplined practice supports focused Linga-upāsanā, making the aspirant fit for receiving deeper tattva-jñāna and realizing Śiva’s supreme reality.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

It points to vrata-based Shaiva discipline (Pāśupata observance) combined with yoga and right understanding—regular worship, restraint, and contemplative practice aligned with tattva. Practically, this aligns with maintaining purity, steady japa (such as the Panchakshara), and consistent vow-observance on sacred days.