Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 40

दिव्यरथारोहणम् — Śiva’s Ascent on the Divine Chariot

Pre-battle Portents

Devanagari script

समावृत्य महादेवं तदापुस्ते पिनाकिनम् । दग्धुं समर्था मनसा क्षणेन सचराचरम्

Transliteration

samāvṛtya mahādevaṃ tadāpuste pinākinam | dagdhuṃ samarthā manasā kṣaṇena sacarācaram

Translation

แล้วพวกเขาก็ล้อมรอบพระมหาเทวะ ผู้ทรงคันศรปิณากะ และเข้าประชิด เขาทั้งหลายมีกำลังยิ่งนัก ถึงกับเพียงตั้งจิตก็สามารถเผาผลาญจักรวาลทั้งที่เคลื่อนไหวและไม่เคลื่อนไหวได้ในชั่วขณะเดียว

Word by Word

• समावृत्य: having surrounded/covered
• समावृत्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-√वृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), from √वृ (to cover/enclose) with उपसर्ग सम्+आ; indeclinable verbal form

• महादेवम्: Mahādeva (Śiva)
• महादेवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महादेव (प्रातिपदिक) [महा + देव]
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; कर्मपद

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• आपुः: they reached/attained
• आपुः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √आप् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/Parokṣa past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• पिनाकिनम्: the bearer of Pināka (Śiva)
• पिनाकिनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिनाकिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• दग्धुम्: to burn
• दग्धुम्: Prayojana/Artha (प्रयोजन/अर्थ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दह् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (Infinitive), ‘to burn’

• समर्थाः: capable
• समर्थाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ‘ते’)

• मनसा: by (their) mind
• मनसा: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन

• क्षणेन: in a moment
• क्षणेन: Kāla/Karaṇa (काल/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; समयपरिमाणे

• सचराचरम्: (the world) with moving and unmoving beings
• सचराचरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सचराचर (प्रातिपदिक) [स + चर + अचर]
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; द्वन्द्वसमास (चर + अचर) with ‘स-’ = ‘together with’; विशेषण (qualifying implied ‘जगत्/सर्वम्’)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

Shakti Dimension

Role: destructive

Cosmic Context

Cosmic Event: mahapralaya (implied capacity to burn all moving/unmoving)

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse highlights that even forces capable of instant cosmic destruction remain ultimately subordinate to Mahādeva, the supreme Pati; it points to Śiva as the governing consciousness beyond all manifested power.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

By naming Śiva as Pinākin and Mahādeva, the text emphasizes Saguna Śiva—approachable through form and attributes—while implying that his true sovereignty transcends all worldly and cosmic threats, a core basis for Linga worship as the stable axis of creation.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

The stress on manasa (mental intention) supports mantra-japa and dhyāna as primary disciplines—especially mental repetition of the Pañcākṣarī ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya") with focused concentration to align the mind with Śiva.