Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 20

देवाः वैकुण्ठगमनम् तथा विष्णोः अवतारस्तुतिः | Devas Go to Vaikuṇṭha and Praise Viṣṇu’s Avatāras

Devanagari script

सूर्यो निस्सारितः स्थानाच्चन्द्रो वह्निस्तथैव च । पातालान्नागराजश्च धर्मराजो निराकृतः

Transliteration

sūryo nissāritaḥ sthānāccandro vahnistathaiva ca | pātālānnāgarājaśca dharmarājo nirākṛtaḥ

Translation

ดวงอาทิตย์ถูกขับไล่ออกจากตำแหน่งของตน ดวงจันทร์และไฟก็เช่นกัน จากบาดาลพญานาคก็ถูกขับออกไป แม้พระยมราชผู้เป็นเจ้าแห่งธรรมก็ถูกผลักให้ถอยกลับ

Word by Word

• सूर्यः: the Sun
• सूर्यः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन

• निः-सारितः: expelled
• निः-सारितः: क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग) + सृ (धातु) + णिच् + क्त (कृत्)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘caused to go out/expelled’

• स्थानात्: from (his) place
• स्थानात्: अपादान (Ablative/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्थान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन

• चन्द्रः: the Moon
• चन्द्रः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• वह्निः: Fire
• वह्निः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वह्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तथा: thus / likewise
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• एव: indeed
• एव: निपात (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (particle of emphasis)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• पातालात्: from Pātāla (netherworld)
• पातालात्: अपादान (Ablative/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाताल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन

• नाग-राजः: the king of serpents
• नाग-राजः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाग (प्रातिपदिक) + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी) ‘नागानां राजा’

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• धर्म-राजः: Dharmarāja (Yama)
• धर्म-राजः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी) ‘धर्मस्य राजा’ (यमः)

• निर्-आकृतः: cast out / driven away
• निर्-आकृतः: विधेय (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर् (उपसर्ग) + कृ (धातु) + क्त (कृत्)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘removed/rejected’

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

Cosmic Context

Cosmic Event: loka-vyatikrama (cosmic order disrupted; deities displaced from their adhikāra-sthāna)

Characters & Entities

• Surya
• Chandra
• Agni
• Nagaraja
• Dharmaraja (Yama)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It portrays the collapse of ordinary cosmic governance—Sun, Moon, Fire, Nāgas, and even Yama—showing that all delegated powers operate only under the Supreme Lord (Pati). In Shaiva Siddhanta terms, finite authorities cannot override Shiva’s supreme will and grace.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

The verse highlights Shiva as the ultimate sovereign beyond all cosmic functionaries. Linga-worship trains the mind to take refuge in that highest Lord—Saguna Shiva as the accessible focus—knowing that even death and destiny (Yama/Dharma) are subordinate to Him.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is to cultivate fearlessness through Shiva-smaraṇa: daily japa of the Panchākṣarī ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya") and reverent application of Tripuṇḍra-bhasma, remembering that protection and liberation come from Shiva, not from worldly powers.