Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 48

दक्षस्य विष्णुं प्रति शरणागतिḥ — Dakṣa’s Appeal to Viṣṇu and the Teaching on Disrespect to Śiva

Devanagari script

गन्तुमेवाहमुद्युक्तं सर्वथा शपथोत्तरम् । तथापि न गतश्शीघ्रं दुष्टसंसर्गपापतः

Transliteration

gantumevāhamudyuktaṃ sarvathā śapathottaram | tathāpi na gataśśīghraṃ duṣṭasaṃsargapāpataḥ

Translation

ข้าพเจ้าตั้งใจจะออกเดินทางแน่นอนแล้ว โดยได้ให้สัตย์สาบานอย่างครบถ้วน; แต่เพราะบาปที่เกิดจากการคบหาคนชั่ว จึงมิได้ออกไปโดยเร็ว

Word by Word

• gantum: to go
• gantum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्), ‘to go’

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (निपात)

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• udyuktam: ready/engaged
• udyuktam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: udyukta (प्रातिपदिक; √yuj with ud-, क्त-कृदन्त used adjectivally)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; agrees with implied ‘mām’ (me) in sense: ‘me, prepared’

• sarvathā: in every way
• sarvathā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sarvathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय)

• śapatha-uttaram: after (giving) an oath
• śapatha-uttaram: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śapatha (प्रातिपदिक) + uttara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular; Tatpuruṣa: śapathasya uttaram = following an oath / in response to an oath

• tathāpi: even so/however
• tathāpi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय) + api (अव्यय)
• Form: Concessive particle (निपात-समुच्चय)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle

• gataḥ: gone
• gataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु)
• Form: Past active participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘gone’

• śīghram: quickly
• śīghram: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śīghra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Adverbial accusative used as indeclinable

• duṣṭa-saṃsarga-pāpataḥ: due to the sin of bad company
• duṣṭa-saṃsarga-pāpataḥ: Hetu (हेतु; cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: duṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃsarga (प्रातिपदिक) + pāpa (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Neuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; Tatpuruṣa chain: duṣṭānāṃ saṃsargaḥ, tasmāt pāpam; pāpataḥ = ‘due to sin’

Speaker

Satī (as narrated in the Rudrasaṃhitā dialogue, traditionally relayed by Sūta to the sages)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Umāpati

Shakti Dimension

Shakti Form: Satī

Role: teaching

Characters & Entities

• Satī

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches that even a firm vow can be weakened by duṣṭa-saṃsarga (harmful company), because such association generates pāpa (binding karma) that obstructs right action and inner clarity—an ethical foundation aligned with Shaiva dharma.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga-worship in the Shiva Purana is sustained by purity of conduct and satsanga; avoiding corrupting influences protects bhakti and steadiness of mind, making one fit for Saguna Shiva’s grace and the discipline of Shiva-upāsanā.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Choose satsanga and steady japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) to counteract negative saṅga; maintain śauca (purity) and a Shaiva daily discipline (e.g., bhasma-dhāraṇa and mindful conduct) so vows are fulfilled without delay.