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Shloka 39

दक्षयज्ञे सत्या अपमानबोधः — Satī Encounters Disrespect at Dakṣa’s Sacrifice

तस्मात्त्यक्ष्याम्यहं देवं प्रवेक्ष्यामि हुताशनम् । किं जीवितेन मे तात शृण्वंत्यानादरं प्रभोः

tasmāttyakṣyāmyahaṃ devaṃ pravekṣyāmi hutāśanam | kiṃ jīvitena me tāta śṛṇvaṃtyānādaraṃ prabhoḥ

ดังนั้น ข้าพเจ้าจะละทิ้งร่างกายนี้และเข้าสู่กองไฟอันศักดิ์สิทธิ์ โอ ข้าแต่บิดา ชีวิตจะมีประโยชน์อะไรแก่ข้าพเจ้า เมื่อข้าพเจ้าต้องทนฟังการดูหมิ่นต่อพระผู้เป็นเจ้าของข้าพเจ้า

तस्मात्therefore
तस्मात्:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपञ्चमी-एकवचनरूपेण हेत्वर्थे (Ablative used adverbially: “therefore/from that reason”)
त्यक्ष्यामिI shall abandon
त्यक्ष्यामि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज् (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम (1st person pronoun), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
देवम्the god (here: Śiva)
देवम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
प्रवेक्ष्यामिI shall enter
प्रवेक्ष्यामि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + विश् (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
हुताशनम्the fire
हुताशनम्:
Gati-karma (गतिकर्म/Goal of motion)
TypeNoun
Rootहुताशन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); समासः—हुत + अशन् (उपपद-तत्पुरुष; ‘eater of oblations’ = fire)
किम्what (use)
किम्:
Prashna (प्रश्न/Interrogative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative particle: “what use?”)
जीवितेनwith life; by living
जीवितेन:
Karana (करण/Instrument; idiom ‘what with life?’)
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
मेmy
मे:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular), enclitic form
तातdear one / father
तात:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootतात (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन-प्रथमा (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)
शृण्वती(I) hearing
शृण्वती:
Karta (कर्ता; ‘I, hearing…’)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (Present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
अनादरम्disrespect
अनादरम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object of hearing)
TypeNoun
Rootअनादर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
प्रभोःof the Lord
प्रभोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

Satī

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Umāpati

Shakti Form: Satī

Role: liberating

S
Shiva
S
Sati
D
Daksha
A
Agni

FAQs

Satī’s words show uncompromising Śiva-bhakti: for a devotee, enduring continual blasphemy of Pati (Śiva) is spiritually corrosive, so she chooses self-offering into Agni as a final act of protest and purity.

The verse highlights personal devotion to Saguna Śiva as “Prabhu”—a living relationship of surrender and reverence. Insult to Śiva (and by extension His liṅga-worship) is treated as a grave adharma that severs auspiciousness and invites downfall, as seen in the Dakṣa-yajña episode.

It suggests steadfast bhakti and inner purity: avoid nāstika-nindā (blasphemy), keep Śiva-smaraṇa, and uphold Śiva-upāsanā such as japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) and reverent observance of bhasma/Tripuṇḍra as a reminder of devotion and detachment.