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Shloka 49

सती-शिवचरित्रप्रसङ्गः / The Account of Satī and Śiva’s Divine Conduct

Prelude to Detailed Narrative

राम उवाच । प्रेमतस्त्वं सति ब्रूहि क्व शंभुस्ते नमोगतः । एका हि विपिने कस्मादागता पतिना विना

rāma uvāca | prematastvaṃ sati brūhi kva śaṃbhuste namogataḥ | ekā hi vipine kasmādāgatā patinā vinā

พระรามตรัสว่า “โอ้สตี จงบอกความจริงด้วยความรักเถิด—พระศัมภูของเจ้าจากไปที่ใด? เหตุใดเจ้าจึงมาป่าแห่งนี้เพียงลำพังโดยปราศจากสามี?”

rāmaḥRāma
rāmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धा॒तु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
premataḥlovingly
premataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootprema (प्रातिपदिक) + tas (तस्)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय), ablatival -tas: 'out of/with love'
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Nominative (1 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)
satiO Satī
sati:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootsatī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Vocative (8 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)
brūhitell
brūhi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbrū (धा॒तु)
FormImperative (लोट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
kvawhere?
kva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkva (अव्यय)
FormInterrogative adverb (प्रश्न-अव्यय)
śaṃbhuḥŚambhu (Śiva)
śaṃbhuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśaṃbhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)
teyour
te:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Genitive (6 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)
namaḥsalutation
namaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnamas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormExclamatory/oblation particle (नमः-निपात), used with dative/accusative sense of salutation
gataḥgone
gataḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/स्थितिवाचक)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धा॒तु) + ta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
FormPast active participle (कृत: क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)
ekāalone
ekā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)
hiindeed/for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormCausal/emphatic particle (निपात)
vipinein the forest
vipine:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvipina (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)
kasmātwhy? from what cause?
kasmāt:
Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
FormInterrogative pronoun (प्रश्न-सर्वनाम), Ablative (5 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)
āgatācome
āgatā:
Kriyā (क्रिया/स्थितिवाचक)
TypeVerb
Rootā + gam (धा॒तु) + tā (कृत् प्रत्यय)
FormPast active participle (कृत: क्त), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)
patināwith (your) husband
patinā:
Sahakāraka (सह/साकं)
TypeNoun
Rootpati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)
vināwithout
vinā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvinā (अव्यय)
FormPrepositional indeclinable (उपसर्गसदृश-अव्यय) governing instrumental/accusative; here with instrumental

Rama

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Umāpati

Shakti Form: Satī

Role: teaching

R
Rama
S
Sati
S
Shambhu
S
Shiva

FAQs

The verse highlights loving inquiry into the Lord’s presence: devotion (prema) seeks clarity, and Satī’s solitary movement prompts reflection on dharma, protection, and the devotee’s relationship with Pati (Śiva) as the supreme refuge.

By naming Śambhu directly and asking where He has gone, the verse emphasizes Saguna-bhakti—relating to Śiva as a personal Lord who can be approached, remembered, and sought, which is foundational to Purāṇic Shiva worship including Linga-upāsanā.

The practical takeaway is affectionate remembrance and inquiry—mentally turning to Śiva with love; this aligns with japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) as a steady inner practice when separation, doubt, or uncertainty arises.