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Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 39

देवदैत्यसामान्ययुद्धवर्णनम् — Description of the General Battle Between Devas and Daityas

चकार बाणवृष्टिं च सुरोपरि तदाऽसुरः । तप्तोऽह्वासीत्सुरान्सद्यो नानास्त्ररणकोविदः

cakāra bāṇavṛṣṭiṃ ca suropari tadā'suraḥ | tapto'hvāsītsurānsadyo nānāstraraṇakovidaḥ

แล้วอสูรนั้นก็โปรยสายฝนแห่งศรใส่เหล่าเทวะ ผู้ชำนาญศัสตราวุธนานาประการ เขาเดือดดาลด้วยโทสะและท้าทายเหล่าสุระให้รบในทันที

चकारmade/did
चकार:
क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — 3rd singular perfect
बाणवृष्टिम्a shower of arrows
बाणवृष्टिम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootबाण-वृष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (बाणानां वृष्टिः), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन — Accusative singular
and
:
समुच्चय (coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय—conjunction
सुरोपरिupon the gods
सुरोपरि:
अधिकरण (Locative sense/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसुर-उपरि (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास (सुरेषु उपरि), अव्यय—prepositional adverb ‘upon/over the gods’
तदाthen
तदा:
क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय—adverb ‘then’
असुरःthe asura
असुरः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Nominative singular
तप्तःheated/enraged
तप्तः:
कर्तृविशेषण (Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतप् (धातु) + त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (qualifying असुरः)
अह्वासीत्challenged/called
अह्वासीत्:
क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-ह्वा (धातु)
Formलुङ् (Aorist/लुङ्), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — 3rd singular aorist
सुरान्the gods
सुरान्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन — Accusative plural
सद्यःimmediately
सद्यः:
क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसद्यः (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय—adverb ‘immediately’
नानास्त्ररणकोविदःskilled in battle with various weapons
नानास्त्ररणकोविदः:
कर्तृविशेषण (Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootनाना-अस्त्र-रण-कोविद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (नानानि अस्त्राणि; रणेषु कोविदः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (qualifying असुरः)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

D
Devas
A
Asura

FAQs

The verse portrays the asuric temperament—anger, aggression, and pride in power—rising against the devas, symbolizing the inner conflict where adharma attacks sattva; in Shaiva understanding, such force without devotion and restraint ultimately collapses before the higher order upheld by Shiva.

Though the verse is a battle scene, its backdrop is Shiva’s cosmic governance: devas stand for divine order sustained by Saguna Shiva’s protective grace; worship of the Linga trains the mind away from the asuric impulse of domination toward surrender (śaraṇāgati) and alignment with dharma.

As a practical takeaway, one may counter ‘tāpa’ (heated anger) through japa of the Panchakshara—“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”—and steadying practices like applying Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) with remembrance of Shiva, cultivating restraint and clarity before action.