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Mantra 2

Indra’s sovereignty and exclusive praise at the Soma-pressing

Rishi: Unspecified in input
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Unspecified in input

त्वामिद्धि हवामहे सातौ वाजस्य कार्वः त्वां वृत्रेष्विन्द्र सत्पतिं नरस्त्वां काष्ठास्वर्वतः

tvāmiddhi havāmahe sātau vājasya kārvaḥ tvāṃ vṛtreṣvindra satpatiṃ narastvāṃ kāṣṭhāsvarvataḥ

tvā́m íd dhí havāmahe sātáu vā́jasya kā́rvaḥ | tvā́ṃ vṛ́treṣv índra sátpatiṃ náraḥ tvā́ṃ kā́ṣṭhāsv arvátāḥ ||

แท้จริงเราทั้งหลายขอเชิญท่าน—เหล่าผู้ขับสวด (kārvaḥ)—เพื่อชัยชนะในรางวัลแห่งพิธี (vāja) ท่ามกลางศัตรูผู้กีดขวาง มนุษย์ทั้งหลายเรียกท่าน โอ้อินทระ ผู้เป็นนายแท้ ผู้คุ้มครองอันดี (satpati) และ ณ จุดหมายแห่งกิจการทั้งปวง เขาเรียกท่านดุจม้าศึกที่พุ่งสู่หลักชัย

tvām | id | hi | havāmahe | sātau | vājasya | kārvaḥ | tvām | vṛtreṣu | indra | sat-patim | naraḥ | tvām | kāṣṭhāsu | arvataḥ

त्वाम्you (as the object)
त्वाम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इद्धिindeed, surely
इद्धि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइद् (अव्यय) + हि (निपात)
हवामहेwe invoke/call upon
हवामहे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वा (ह्वयति/आह्वयति) — आत्मनेपद
सातौin the winning/attainment (in the contest)
सातौ:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootसाति- (स्त्रीलिङ्ग प्रातिपदिक; ‘प्राप्ति/विजय/लाभ’)
वाजस्यof the prize/strength (vāja)
वाजस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootवाज- (पुंलिङ्ग प्रातिपदिक)
कार्वःthe singer/poet (as subject)
कार्वः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootकारु- (पुंलिङ्ग प्रातिपदिक; ‘कवि/स्तोतृ’)
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वृत्रेषुamong the Vṛtras/obstacles
वृत्रेषु:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र- (नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग प्रातिपदिक; ‘वृत्र/आवरण/शत्रु’)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (Vocative)
Rootइन्द्र- (पुंलिङ्ग प्रातिपदिक)
सत्पतिम्lord of the good/true ones
सत्पतिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootसत् + पति (समास: सत्पति-; ‘सताम् पति’)
नरःmen, heroes
नरः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootनर- (पुंलिङ्ग प्रातिपदिक)
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
काष्ठाःdirections/quarters (lit. ‘cardinal points’)
काष्ठाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootकाष्ठा- (स्त्रीलिङ्ग प्रातिपदिक)
अस्वर्वतःsunless/dark (quarters)
अस्वर्वतः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण-सम्बन्धेन)
TypeAdjective (used substantively/qualifying)
Rootअस्वर्वत्- (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; ‘अस्वर्/अस्वर्य’ = without sun/light; here: ‘अस्वर्वत्’)

Aindra (standard Grāmegeyagāna setting; specific nāman not supplied in input)

{ "prastava": "(Stobha prelude; not specified)", "udgitha": "tvām id dhi havāmahe sātau vājasya kārvaḥ", "pratihara": "tvāṃ vṛtreṣv indra satpatiṃ narāḥ", "upadrava": "tvāṃ kāṣṭhāsu arvataḥ", "nidhana": "(Closing stobha-cadence)", "structure_notes": "The threefold ‘tvām’ naturally maps to the sāman’s sectional progression, creating a liturgical ‘calling’ ladder.", "singer_assignments": "Prastotṛ: prastāva; Udgātṛ: udgītha/upadrava; Pratihartṛ: pratihāra; all: nidhana." }

{ "gloss_summary": "Sāyaṇa glosses sātu as attainment/winning of vāja as yajña-phala; vṛtra generalizes to all impediments to prosperity and rite; satpati is the rightful master who protects the good.", "ritual_interpretation": "Invocation secures the fruit of the soma rite and removes vighna; Indra is approached as the decisive protector in the sacrificial economy.", "theological_insight": "Indra’s lordship is ‘sat’—aligned with truth and the good; thus his victory is beneficent, not merely force.", "etymology_highlights": "sātu—‘prāpti/jaya’; vāja—‘anna-bala/phalāni’; satpati—‘satāṃ patiḥ’; kāṣṭhā—‘maryādā/anta-sthāna’." }