Rig Veda 8.45.4: Mandala 8, Sukta 45, Mantra 4

Sukta 8.45

Devata: Indra (Vṛtrahan aspect)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ बुन्दं वृत्रहा ददे जातः पृच्छद्वि मातरम् । क उग्राः के ह शृण्विरे ॥

Transliteration

ā búndaṃ vṛtra-hā́ dadé jā́taḥ pṛ́cchad ví mātáram | ká ugrā́ḥ ké ha śṛṇvire ||

Translation

ผู้สังหารวฤตระ—ผู้ปกปิด—ได้วางรากฐานไว้; เกิดมาในกิจนั้น เขาถามมารดาว่า: “พลังอันดุเดือดเหล่านั้นคือใคร? และใครเล่าหนอคือผู้ได้ยินจริง?”

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Word by Word

• आ: towards; hither (preverb)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• बुन्दम्: the drop/point (bunda)
• बुन्दम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुन्द (प्रातिपदिक) / bunda-

• वृत्रहा: Vṛtra-slayer (Indra)
• वृत्रहा: Kartā
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र + हन्) / vṛtrahan-

• ददे: gave; has given
• ददे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु) / dā-

• जातः: born; having been born
• जातः: Kartā (with implied subject) / apposition
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: जन् (धातु) → जात (कृदन्त) / jan- → jāta-

• पृच्छत्: asked
• पृच्छत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रच्छ् (धातु) / prach-

• वि: apart; distinctly (preverb)
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग) / vi (preverb)

• मातरम्: mother
• मातरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ (प्रातिपदिक) / mātṛ-

• कः: who?
• कः: Kartā (interrogative) / predicate-subject
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: क (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / ka-

• उग्राः: fierce; mighty
• उग्राः: Kartā / predicate (with implied ‘they’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र (प्रातिपदिक) / ugra-

• के: which ones? who (pl.)?
• के: Kartā (interrogative)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: क (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / ka-

• ह: indeed; surely
• ह: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (निपात) / ha

• शृण्विरे: have heard; listened
• शृण्विरे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु) / śru-