Rig Veda 8.16.10 — Mandala 8, Sukta 16, Mantra 10
Sukta 8.16
Rishi: Kāṇva tradition (Mandala 8; specific rishi not provided in input)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Unknown (not inferable securely from provided excerpt alone)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्रणेतारं वस्यो अच्छा कर्तारं ज्योतिः समत्सु । सासह्वांसं युधामित्रान् ॥
Transliteration
pra-netā́raṃ vásyo ácchā kártāraṃ jyótiḥ samátsu | sāsahvā́ṃsaṃ yudhā́ amítrān ||
Translation
เรามุ่งไปสู่ผู้นำทางแห่งหนทางอันประเสริฐ—ไปสู่ผู้ก่อกำเนิดแสงในท่ามกลางศึก; ไปสู่ผู้พิชิต ผู้เอาชนะอำนาจอันเป็นศัตรูด้วยการรบ.
Word by Word
प्रणेतारम्the leader/guide
प्रणेतारम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun (agent)
Rootप्र-नी (धातु) → ‘प्रणेतृ’ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
वस्यःthe better (thing), the more excellent
वस्यः:
कर्म (विशेष्य-रूपेण ‘अच्छा’ सह)
TypeAdjective (comparative, used substantively)
Rootवस्/वसु (प्रातिपदिक) / वस्यस् (comparative stem)
अच्छाtowards, to
अच्छा:
(गत्यर्थ-निपातः; कर्म-प्रवृत्तिनिर्देशकः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअच्छा (निपात/उपसर्गार्थक अव्यय)
कर्तारम्the doer/maker
कर्तारम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun (agent)
Rootकृ (धातु) → ‘कर्तृ’ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
ज्योतिःlight, radiance
ज्योतिः:
कर्तृ (स्तुत्य/आह्वेय-रूपेण)
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
समत्सुin battles
समत्सु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun (locative plural)
Rootसमत्सु (प्रातिपदिक ‘समत्सु’ < सम्+मद्/मत्सर?; वैदिक ‘समत्सु’ = ‘समित्सु/समत्सु’ ‘युद्धेषु’)
सासह्वांसम्the conquering/overpowering one
सासह्वांसम्:
कर्म (विशेषण-रूपेण आह्वेयस्य)
TypeAdjective/Participle (perfect active, possessive of action)
Rootसह् (धातु) → ‘सासह्वांस्’ (परिपूर्ण/परस्मैपदी-परस्मैपद-परस्मै?; कृदन्त ‘वांस्’)
युधामित्रान्friends (allies) in battle / battle-friends
युधामित्रान्:
कर्म (मित्रान्), करण/रीति (युधा)
TypeCompound/phrase (indeclinable + noun)
Rootयुधा (अव्यय ‘युधा’ = ‘युद्धेन/युद्धतः’) + मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
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