Rig Veda 8.10.4: Mandala 8, Sukta 10, Mantra 4

Sukta 8.10

Rishi: Kāṇva (Kāṇva lineage; hymn context)

Devata: Aśvinau

Chandas: Likely Jagatī/Triṣṭubh (requires verification; verse is longer)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ययोरधि प्र यज्ञा असूरे सन्ति सूरयः । ता यज्ञस्याध्वरस्य प्रचेतसा स्वधाभिर्या पिबतः सोम्यं मधु ॥

Transliteration

yáyor ádhi prá yajñā́ asū́re sánti sūráyaḥ | tā́ yajñásyādhvarásya prá-cetasā svadhā́bhir yā́ píbataḥ somyáṃ mádhu ||

Translation

บนท่านทั้งสองนั้น พิธีบูชายัญทั้งหลายดำเนินไป และฤๅษีผู้สว่างไสว (ṛṣi) ก็ดำรงอยู่ในอำนาจอันไม่เสื่อมของท่าน; ท่านทั้งสองผู้รู้กว้าง (pracetasa) ในยัญและในหนทางแห่งการถวาย ผู้ดื่มน้ำผึ้งแห่งโสมะ (Soma) ด้วยธรรมของตน (svadhā).

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Word by Word

• ययोः: of/for which two; in which two
• ययोः: सम्बन्ध/अधिकरण (whose/wherein)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य

• अधि: upon, over
• अधि: अधिकरण (upon/over)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• यज्ञाः: sacrifices, rites
• यज्ञाः: कर्तृ (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• असूरे: in/with the Asura (mighty lord)
• असूरे: अधिकरण (locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असुर (प्रातिपदिक)

• सन्ति: are, exist
• सन्ति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• सूरयः: patrons, bountiful lords
• सूरयः: कर्तृ (appositional subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूरि (प्रातिपदिक)

• ताः: those (two)
• ताः: कर्म/विषय (those = the two deities implied)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञस्य: of the sacrifice
• यज्ञस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• अध्वरस्य: of the (solemn) rite
• अध्वरस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रचेतसा: the two discerning/wise ones
• प्रचेतसा: कर्म/विषय (the two wise ones)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: प्र-चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्वधाभिः: with (their) own powers/with स्वधा-invocations
• स्वधाभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वधा (प्रातिपदिक)

• या: who (the two)
• या: कर्तृ (relative subject)
• Type: Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पिबतः: you two drink
• पिबतः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (धातु)

• सोम्यम्: soma-like, pertaining to Soma
• सोम्यम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सोम्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• मधु: sweet drink; honey (mead)
• मधु: कर्म (in apposition to सोम्यम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु (प्रातिपदिक)