Rig Veda 6.65.2: Mandala 6, Sukta 65, Mantra 2

Sukta 6.65

Rishi: Bharadvāja (Bārhaspatya) tradition

Devata: Uṣas (plural Uṣasaḥ as successive dawns/powers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm in edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वि तद्ययुररुणयुग्भिरश्वैश्चित्रं भान्त्युषसश्चन्द्ररथाः । अग्रं यज्ञस्य बृहतो नयन्तीर्वि ता बाधन्ते तम ऊर्म्यायाः ॥

Transliteration

ví tád yayur aruṇayúgbhir áśvaiś citráṃ bhānty uṣásaś candrárathāḥ | ágraṃ yajñásya br̥ható náyantīr ví tā́ bādhante táma ūrmyā́yāḥ ||

Translation

นางทั้งหลายออกไปพร้อมม้าศึกที่เทียมกับแสงแดงเรื่อ; อุษัส—เทพีรุ่งอรุณ—ประทับรถศึกอันส่องประกาย ลุกโพลงด้วยรัศมีหลากสี นำหน้าพิธีบูชายัญอันยิ่งใหญ่ แล้วขับไล่ความมืดที่ผุดขึ้นดุจคลื่น

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Word by Word

• वि: apart, forth, widely
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि- (upasarga)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (with √यु/या ‘to go’ in sense ‘they go forth that…’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• ययुः: they have gone / they went
• ययुः: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (to go)

• अरुणयुग्भिः: with ruddy yokes/teams
• अरुणयुग्भिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: अरुण- + युग- (prātipadika)

• अश्वैः: with horses
• अश्वैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व-

• चित्रम्: bright, variegated, wondrous
• चित्रम्: Karma/Predicative complement
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चित्र-

• भान्ति: they shine
• भान्ति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भा (to shine)

• उषसः: the dawns
• उषसः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस्-

• चन्द्ररथाः: (having) shining chariots / shining-charioted
• चन्द्ररथाः: Kartā (apposition to उषसः)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: चन्द्र- + रथ-

• अग्रम्: the foremost point, the front, the first
• अग्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्र-

• यज्ञस्य: of the sacrifice
• यज्ञस्य: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ-

• बृहतः: of the great
• बृहतः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बृहन्त्-

• नयन्तीः: leading
• नयन्तीः: Kartā (with उषसः)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: √नी (to lead)

• वि: apart, away
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि- (upasarga)

• ताः: those (f.)
• ताः: Kartā (referring to the dawns)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• बाधन्ते: they drive away, repel
• बाधन्ते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √बाध् (to press, drive away, repel)

• तमः: darkness
• तमः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमस्-

• ऊर्म्यायाः: of the wave/surge (of light)
• ऊर्म्यायाः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (source/association: ‘of the wave/surge’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊर्मि-