Rig Veda 10.64.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 64, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.64

Rishi: Uncertain from provided excerpt alone

Devata: The gods collectively as the sole source of true ‘marḍ’ (gladness/grace)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs metrical confirmation)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

क्रतूयन्ति क्रतवो हृत्सु धीतयो वेनन्ति वेनाः पतयन्त्या दिशः । न मर्डिता विद्यते अन्य एभ्यो देवेषु मे अधि कामा अयंसत ॥

Transliteration

kratūyánti krátavo hṛtsú dhītáyo vénanti venā́ḥ patáyanty ā́ díśaḥ | ná marḍitā́ vidyate anyá ebhyo devéṣu me ádhi kā́mā ayaṃsata ||

Translation

เจตจำนงแห่งการกระทำ (kratu) เคลื่อนไหวตามกาลอยู่ในดวงใจ; ความคิดอันดลใจใคร่หา และความปรารถนาทั้งหลายโผบินไปสู่ทิศทั้งปวง. นอกจากสิ่งเหล่านี้แล้ว หาไม่พบผู้ประทานความชื่นบานอื่นใด: ความใฝ่ปรารถนาของข้าพเจ้าถูกตั้งไว้เหนือเหล่าเทพแล้ว.

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Word by Word

• क्रतूयन्ति: they act with resolve / they exercise will
• क्रतूयन्ति: Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्रतु (प्रातिपदिक) + √यम् (यच्छति/यम) (denominative: क्रतूयति)

• क्रतवः: the resolves / intentions
• क्रतवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)

• हृत्सु: in the hearts
• हृत्सु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• धीतयः: the thoughts / hymnic insights
• धीतयः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: धीति (प्रातिपदिक; from √धी ‘to think’)

• वेनन्ति: they desire / they seek
• वेनन्ति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वन्/वेन (वेनति) ‘to desire/seek, to strive for’

• वेनाः: the seekers / inspired ones (venas)
• वेनाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेन (प्रातिपदिक)

• पतयन्त्याः: flying / speeding
• पतयन्त्याः: Kartā
• Type: Participle (Adjective) used substantively
• Root: √पत् ‘to fly’ → पतयन्ती (वर्तमान कृदन्त/शतृ-स्त्री) (प्रातिपदिक: पतयन्ती)

• दिशः: the directions
• दिशः: Kartā (apposition to पतयन्त्याः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• मर्डिता: a pardoner / one who shows mercy
• मर्डिता: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (of implied ‘is’)
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: √मृड्/मर्ड् ‘to be gracious/forgive’ → मर्डित (PPP) (प्रातिपदिक: मर्डित)

• विद्यते: is found / exists
• विद्यते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (विद्यते) ‘to be found/exist’

• अन्यः: another
• अन्यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• एभ्यः: than these / from these
• एभ्यः: Apādāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवेषु: among the gods
• देवेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• मे: my
• मे: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अधि: upon / over; in addition
• अधि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/preposition)
• Root: अधि

• कामाः: desires
• कामाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)

• अयंसत: they have reached/extended themselves (towards)
• अयंसत: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √यम् ‘to extend/offer/strive’ with preverb आ- (आयंसते/आयंसत)