Rig Veda 10.37.5 — Mandala 10, Sukta 37, Mantra 5
Sukta 10.37
Rishi: Unknown/uncertain
Devata: Sūrya (with appeal to all gods for confirmation)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh/Jagatī (uncertain; needs verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
विश्वस्य हि प्रेषितो रक्षसि व्रतमहेळयन्नुच्चरसि स्वधा अनु । यदद्य त्वा सूर्योपब्रवामहै तं नो देवा अनु मंसीरत क्रतुम् ॥
Transliteration
víśvasya hí préṣito rákṣasi vratám áheḷayann úccarasi svadhā́ ánu | yád adyá tvā sūrya upabravā́mahai táṃ no devā́ ánu maṃsīrata krátum ||
Translation
ท่านผู้ถูกส่งมาเพื่อสรรพสิ่งทั้งปวง ย่อมพิทักษ์วรตะ (vrata) คือกฎศักดิ์สิทธิ์; ปราศจากความกริ้ว ท่านผุดขึ้นตามพลังอันเป็นของตนเอง (svadhā). สิ่งที่วันนี้เรากล่าวทูลต่อท่าน โอ สุริยะ (Sūrya)—ขอเหล่าเทพทั้งหลายจงเห็นชอบและสถาปนาเจตจำนง (kratu) ของเราให้มั่นคงเถิด.
Word by Word
विश्वस्यof all, of the whole
विश्वस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
हिindeed, for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
प्रेषितःimpelled, commissioned
प्रेषितः:
कर्तृ (as predicate/attribute of the subject)
TypeParticiple (past passive)
Rootप्र-इष् (धातु) → प्रेषित (कृदन्त, PPP)
रक्षसिyou protect
रक्षसि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष् (धातु)
व्रतम्vow, ordinance, sacred order
व्रतम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
अहेळयन्not injuring, not offending
अहेळयन्:
कर्तृ (concomitant action of the subject)
TypeParticiple (present active)
Rootहेळ्/हेल् (धातु) with privative a-; present participle
उत्up, forth
उत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootउत् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
चरसिyou move, you go
चरसि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootचर् (धातु)
स्वधाsvadhā (own power; ritual exclamation/oblation-formula)
स्वधा:
करण/अधिवचन (manner: ‘by/with svadhā’)
TypeNoun (ritual term; often adverbial)
Rootस्वधा (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययभाव)
अनुafter, along, according to
अनु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
यत्what, that which
यत्:
कर्म/विषय (object/content of speech)
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
अद्यtoday, now
अद्य:
अधिकरण (time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (अव्यय)
त्वाyou (as object)
त्वा:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम)
सूर्यO Sūrya (Sun)
सूर्य:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
उपब्रवामहैwe address, we speak to (you)
उपब्रवामहै:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√ब्रू (धातु)
तत्that (request/utterance)
तत्:
कर्म (of मंसीरत)
TypePronoun (demonstrative)
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
नःfor us, to us
नः:
सम्प्रदान (for us) / सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अनुin accordance, after
अनु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (अव्यय)
मंसीरतmay they approve/think (it)
मंसीरत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootमंस्/मन् (धातु; Vedic ‘to think/approve’) → मंसीर् (desiderative/denominative stem in Vedic usage)
क्रतुम्resolve, intention, sacred power/plan
क्रतुम्:
कर्म/विषय (content: resolve/plan)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)
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