Rig Veda 10.27.21: Mandala 10, Sukta 27, Mantra 21

Sukta 10.27

Rishi: Unknown/uncertain

Devata: Indra (vajra) and Sūrya (illumination) in cooperative imagery

Chandas: Trishtubh (likely; needs verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अयं यो वज्रः पुरुधा विवृत्तोऽवः सूर्यस्य बृहतः पुरीषात् । श्रव इदेना परो अन्यदस्ति तदव्यथी जरिमाणस्तरन्ति ॥

Transliteration

ayáṃ yó vájraḥ purudhā́ vívṛtto 'váḥ sū́ryasya bṛhatáḥ purīṣā́t | śráva íd enā́ paráḥ anyád ásti tád avyathī́ jarimā́ṇaḥ taranti ||

Translation

วชระ (vajra) นี้—ศัสตราแห่งอสนี—หันกลับไปมาได้หลากทาง เป็นความเกื้อหนุนของสุริยะจากความอุดมอันไพศาล. ด้วยสิ่งนี้ย่อมมีเกียรติยศที่ไกลกว่า อีกอย่างหนึ่ง; ผู้ไม่หวั่นไหวข้ามพ้นความสึกกร่อนแห่งกาลเวลาไปได้.

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Word by Word

• अयम्: this (one)
• अयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• यः: who/which
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वज्रः: (Indra’s) thunderbolt
• वज्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वज्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• पुरुधा: in many ways; manifoldly
• पुरुधा: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरुधा (अव्यय)

• विवृत्तः: turned/rolled forth; set in motion
• विवृत्तः: Kartā
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: वि-√वृत् (वृत्) → विवृत्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• अवः: help; aid
• अवः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सूर्यस्य: of the Sun
• सूर्यस्य: Sambandha (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• बृहतः: of the great
• बृहतः: Sambandha (Genitive)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बृहन्त् (प्रातिपदिक)

• पुरीषात्: from the mass/heap (piled-up place); from the ‘puriṣa’
• पुरीषात्: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरीष (प्रातिपदिक)

• श्रवः: fame; glory
• श्रवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रवस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• इत्: indeed; just
• इत्: (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• एन: by this; with this
• एन: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (एतद्-प्रत्ययात्मक सर्वनाम-रूप: एन-)

• परः: higher; beyond
• परः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)

• अन्यत्: another (thing)
• अन्यत्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्ति: is/exists
• अस्ति: (Copula)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (भू)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अव्यथी: unshaken; untroubled
• अव्यथी: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-√व्यथ् (व्यथ्) → अव्यथी (कृदन्त/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• जरिमाणः: the singers/praisers (jarimāṇas)
• जरिमाणः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: जरिमन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• तरन्ति: they cross over; they pass beyond
• तरन्ति: (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √तॄ (तॄ/तॄ॑) ‘to cross’