Rig Veda 10.121.9 — Mandala 10, Sukta 121, Mantra 9
Sukta 10.121
Rishi: Hiraṇyagarbha / Prajāpati (hymn traditionally ascribed within RV 10.121)
Devata: Ka (the ‘Who?’)—the unnamed supreme Creator, later identified with Prajāpati/Hiraṇyagarbha
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable pādas typical of RV 10.121)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मा नो हिंसीज्जनिता यः पृथिव्या यो वा दिवं सत्यधर्मा जजान । यश्चापश्चन्द्रा बृहतीर्जजान कस्मै देवाय हविषा विधेम ॥
Transliteration
mā nó hiṃsīj janitā́ yaḥ pṛthivyā́ yó vā diváṃ satyádharmā jajā́na | yaś cā́paś candrā́ bṛhatī́r jajā́na kásmai devā́ya havíṣā vidhema ||
Translation
ขอพระองค์อย่าทรงเบียดเบียนเรา—พระบิดาผู้ให้กำเนิดแผ่นดิน ผู้ตั้งมั่นในกฎแห่งสัจจะ (ṛta) แล้วให้กำเนิดฟ้า และผู้ให้กำเนิดสายน้ำอันสว่างไสวและกว้างใหญ่ด้วย เราพึงถวายเครื่องบูชา (havis) แด่เทพองค์ใดเล่า?
Word by Word
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) / mā́
नःus
नः:
कर्म (object of ‘harm’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
हिंसीत्may (he) not harm
हिंसीत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootहिंस् (hiṃs) / हिंसति
जनिताthe begetter, creator
जनिता:
कर्ता (of ‘harm’ understood) / apposition to ‘यः’
TypeNoun
Rootजनि (jan) → जनितृ (agent noun) / prātipadika: जनिता
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (relative clause subject)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun)
पृथिव्याःof the earth
पृथिव्याः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation with ‘जनिता’)
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
वाor
वा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
दिवम्heaven
दिवम्:
कर्म (object of ‘begot/created’)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव् / द्यौः (prātipadika: दिव्/द्यौ) → दिवम्
सत्यधर्माof true law/true ordinance
सत्यधर्मा:
विशेषण (of the creator ‘यः/जनिता’)
TypeAdjective (compound epithet)
Rootसत्य + धर्मन् (compound) → सत्यधर्मन्
जजानbegot, brought forth
जजान:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (jan) → reduplicated perfect
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अपःthe waters
अपः:
कर्म (object of ‘jajāna’)
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (waters)
चन्द्राःbright, shining
चन्द्राः:
विशेषण (of ‘अपः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootचन्द्र (adj. ‘bright, shining’) → चन्द्रा (f. pl. agreeing with आपः)
बृहतीःvast
बृहतीः:
विशेषण (of ‘अपः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहती (adj. ‘great, vast’)
जजानbegot, created
जजान:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (jan)
कस्मैto which (one)?
कस्मै:
सम्प्रदान (recipient)
TypePronoun
Rootकिम् (interrogative pronoun)
देवायto the god
देवाय:
सम्प्रदान (dative; in apposition to ‘कस्मै’)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
हविषाwith oblation
हविषा:
करण (instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootहविस्
विधेमmay we offer / may we worship
विधेम:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootधा (dhā) with vi- → विधा (vidhā) ‘to apportion/offer, worship’
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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