Rig Veda 10.107.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 107, Mantra 1

Sukta 10.107

Devata: Dakṣiṇā (personified sacred giving) / Pūrtí (completed offering) theme

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आविरभून्महि माघोनमेषां विश्वं जीवं तमसो निरमोचि । महि ज्योतिः पितृभिर्दत्तमागादुरुः पन्था दक्षिणाया अदर्शि ॥

Transliteration

āvír abhūn máhi mā́ghonam eṣāṃ víśvaṃ jīváṃ támason nír amoci | máhi jyótiḥ pitṛ́bhir dátam āgād urúḥ pánthā dakṣiṇā́yā adarśi ||

Translation

สำหรับผู้ให้ทั้งหลายนี้ พลังอันยิ่งใหญ่และปรากฏชัดได้บังเกิดขึ้นแล้ว; สรรพชีวิตทั้งปวงถูกปลดปล่อยจากความมืด. แสงอันกว้างใหญ่ซึ่งบรรพชน (Fathers) ประทานได้มาถึง; และหนทางอันกว้างของทักษิณา (Dakṣiṇā—การถวายอันชอบ การให้ที่ถูกต้อง) ได้ถูกเผยให้เห็นแล้ว.

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Word by Word

• आविः: openly, manifest
• आविः: Adhikaraṇa (भावे/रीत्या: ‘प्रकटम्’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आविस् (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *h₂ewi-? (प्रकाश/प्रकट) (निघण्टु: प्रादुर्भाव)

• अभूत्: became, came to be
• अभूत्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (भवति)

• महि: greatly, mightily
• महि: Adhikaraṇa (प्रकारे: ‘महद्/अत्यन्तम्’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: महि (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रयोग; महत्-सम्बद्ध)

• माघोनम्: the bountiful one (patron), the generous
• माघोनम्: Karma (अभूत्—किम्? माघोनम्)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: माघवन्/माघोन (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दानशील/समृद्ध’)

• एषाम्: of these
• एषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध: ‘of these’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वम्: all, the whole
• विश्वम्: Karma (अमोचि—किम्? विश्वं जीवम्)
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• जीवम्: living, life
• जीवम्: Karma (विश्वम् इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: जीव (प्रातिपदिक; ‘जीवित/जीवन्’)

• तमसः: from darkness
• तमसः: Apādāna (निर्-अमोचि—कस्मात्? तमसः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• निः: out, forth, away
• निः: (क्रियाविशेषण; अमोचि इत्यस्य)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: निः (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अमोचि: was released, was freed
• अमोचि: (क्रिया; ‘was released’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मुच् (मुच्यते)

• महि: great, greatly
• महि: Adhikaraṇa (प्रकारे)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: महि (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रयोग)

• ज्योतिः: light
• ज्योतिः: Kartā (आगात्—कः? ज्योतिः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• पितृभिः: by the Fathers (ancestors)
• पितृभिः: Karaṇa/Agent-instrument (दत्तम्—केन/कैः? पितृभिः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• दत्तम्: given, bestowed
• दत्तम्: (विशेषण; ‘given’)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √दा (ददाति) → दत्त (कृदन्त)

• आगात्: came, arrived
• आगात्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (गच्छति) + आ-

• उरुः: wide, broad
• उरुः: Kartā/Predicate (अदर्शि—कः? उरुः पन्थाः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उरु (प्रातिपदिक)

• पन्थाः: path, way
• पन्थाः: Kartā (अदर्शि—कः? पन्थाः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पथिन्/पन्था (प्रातिपदिक)

• दक्षिणायाः: of the dakṣiṇā (sacrificial gift/fee)
• दक्षिणायाः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध: ‘of the dakṣiṇā/gift’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्षिणा (प्रातिपदिक)

• अदर्शि: was seen, appeared
• अदर्शि: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश् (पश्यति) + अ- (लुङ्)