Rig Veda 10.102.11: Mandala 10, Sukta 102, Mantra 11

Sukta 10.102

Rishi: Mudgala

Devata: Indra (implicit; prayer for victory/auspicious attainment within Indraic field)

Chandas: Trishtubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

परिवृक्तेव पतिविद्यमानट् पीप्याना कूचक्रेणेव सिञ्चन् । एषैष्या चिद्रथ्या जयेम सुमङ्गलं सिनवदस्तु सातम् ॥

Transliteration

parivṛktéva pativídyam ānaṭ pī́pyānā kū́cakreṇeva siñcán | eṣáiṣyā́ cid rathyā́ jayema sumaṅgálaṃ sínavad astu sātám ||

Translation

ดุจผู้ถูกเบี่ยงออก นางร้องเรียกเสาะหาสวามีผู้เป็นที่รู้จัก; ครั้นพองเต็มแล้ว นางก็พร่างพรมประหนึ่งรดด้วยล้อเล็ก. แม้ในการไปมาอยู่บนทางรถนี้ ขอให้เราชนะเถิด; ขอให้การได้มานั้นเป็นมงคล และเป็นชัยชนะอุดมดุจ ‘สินะ’ (ความอุดม).

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Word by Word

• परिवृक्तेव: like one turned aside/avoided
• परिवृक्तेव: Kartā (उपमेय-स्त्री का विशेषण) / —
• Type: Adjective (comparative simile) / Indeclinable
• Root: परि-वृज् (वृज् ‘वर्जने/विवर्जने’), क्त-प्रत्यय; उपमान-निपात ‘इव’

• पतिविद्यमानाट्: she went about while the husband was present (i.e., in the husband’s presence)
• पतिविद्यमानाट्: Adhikaraṇa (पतौ) + Kartā (निहित स्त्री/रथ्या) + —
• Type: Noun + Participle + Verb
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक) + विद्यमान (√विद् ‘ज्ञाने’ + शतृ) + √अट् ‘गत्यर्थे’

• पीप्याना: swelling, growing strong
• पीप्याना: Kartā (उपमेय-स्त्री)
• Type: Participle (present middle)
• Root: √प्याय्/पि (प्यायते ‘वृद्धौ/पुष्टौ’) – तीव्र/पुनरुक्त-प्रयोग; शानच्

• कूचक्रेणेव: like with a (rolling) wheel
• कूचक्रेणेव: Karaṇa (उपमान-करण) / —
• Type: Noun (instrumental simile) / Indeclinable
• Root: कूचक्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘कू’ + चक्र ‘wheel’) + इव

• सिञ्चन्: pouring, sprinkling
• सिञ्चन्: Kartā (वर्णित कर्ता) / (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Participle (present active)
• Root: √सिच् ‘स्रवणे/सेचने’ (to pour/sprinkle) – शतृ

• एषैष्या: this very one (this seeker/this charioteer-woman)
• एषैष्या: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: एष (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक ‘this’) + ईष्या/एष्या (स्त्री; ‘seeking/going to’)

• चित्: indeed, even
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable particle
• Root: चित् (निपात) अथवा चिद्

• रथ्या: the chariot(-woman), charioteer
• रथ्या: Kartā (एषैष्या…रथ्या) / विशेषण
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: रथ्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘of/with a chariot’, ‘charioteer-woman’)

• जयेम: may we win
• जयेम: Kriyā (वाक्य-प्रधान)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जि ‘जये’

• सुमङ्गलम्: good fortune, auspiciousness
• सुमङ्गलम्: Karma (प्राप्तव्य-फल) / (फल-निर्देश)
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: सु- + मङ्गल (प्रातिपदिक)

• सिनवत्: may she win/secure
• सिनवत्: Kriyā (आशीर्वाद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सि/सिनु (वेदिक; ‘to win/obtain/secure’)

• अस्तु: let it be
• अस्तु: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् ‘भुवि’

• सातम्: the winning, the prize
• सातम्: Karma/Phala
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात (प्रातिपदिक; ‘winning, gain, prize’ < √सि/सन्)