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Shloka 24

निकुम्भवधः — The Slaying of Nikumbha

Hanuman’s Duel

व्यपेतेतुजीवेनिकुम्भस्यहृष्टाविनेदुःप्लवङ्गादिशस्सस्वनुश्च ।चचालेवचोर्वीपफालेवचद्यौर्भयंराक्षसानांबलंचाविवेश ।।।।

vyapete tu jīve nikumbhasya hṛṣṭā vineduḥ plavaṅgā diśaḥ sasvanuś ca | cacāleva corvī paphāleva ca dyaur bhayaṃ rākṣasānāṃ balaṃ cāviveśa ||

ครั้นชีวิตของนิกุมภะดับสิ้นแล้ว เหล่าวานรพลวังคะก็ยินดีโห่ร้อง จตุรทิศกึกก้อง; แผ่นดินประหนึ่งสั่นสะเทือน ฟ้าประหนึ่งแยกออก และความหวาดกลัวก็เข้าครอบงำกองทัพรากษส

vyapete(when) departed/ceased
vyapete:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) / Locative absolute condition
TypeVerb
Rootvi-apa-√i (धातु)
FormKta (क्त) past passive participle used locative absolute; Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; Neuter agreeing with jīve; sense: 'when ... had departed'
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) / discourse particle
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), adversative/emphatic
jīvelife
jīve:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) / Locative absolute
TypeNoun
Rootjīva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
nikumbhasyaof Nikumbha
nikumbhasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) / possessor
TypeNoun
Rootnikumbha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular
hṛṣṭāḥdelighted
hṛṣṭāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothṛṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक; √hṛṣ धातु-कृदन्त)
FormKta (क्त) participle used adjectivally; Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; qualifies plavaṅgāḥ
vineduḥshouted/roared
vineduḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√nad (धातु)
FormLuṅ (लुङ्) Aorist, Parasmaipada; 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural
plavaṅgāḥmonkeys (Vānara warriors)
plavaṅgāḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootplavaṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural
diśaḥthe quarters/directions
diśaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdiś (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural
sasvanuḥresounded
sasvanuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsa-√svan (धातु)
FormLuṅ (लुङ्) Aorist, Parasmaipada; 3rd person, Plural
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) / coordinator
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
cacālashook/trembled
cacāla:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√cal (धातु)
FormLiṭ (लिट्) Perfect, Parasmaipada; 3rd person, Singular
ivaas if/like
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormParticle of comparison (उपमा-वाचक अव्यय)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
urvīthe earth
urvī:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rooturvī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
papātafell
papāta:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√pat (धातु)
FormLiṭ (लिट्) Perfect, Parasmaipada; 3rd person, Singular
ivaas if/like
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormParticle of comparison (उपमा-वाचक अव्यय)
that (she)
:
Kartā (कर्ता) / pronominal subject marker
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun; Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; refers to dyauḥ
dyauḥthe sky/heaven
dyauḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdyu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
balaṃstrength/army
balaṃ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
rākṣasānāmof the Rakshasas
rākṣasānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) / possessor
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
bhayaṃfear
bhayaṃ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
āviveśaentered/overcame
āviveśa:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√viś (धातु)
FormLiṭ (लिट्) Perfect, Parasmaipada; 3rd person, Singular

When Nikumbha's life ceased, monkeys were happy, and their joy resounded in all quarters. Earth was shaken, the Rakshasa army was overtaken by fear and heaven appeared to crumble.।। इत्यार्षेवाल्मीकीयेश्रीमद्रामायणेआदिकाव्येयुद्धकाण्डेसप्तसप्ततितमस्सर्गः ।।This is the end of the seventy seventh sarga of Yuddha Kanda of the first epic the holy Ramayana composed by sage Valmiki.

N
Nikumbha
R
Rākṣasas (Laṅkā’s army)
E
Earth (Urvī)
D
Directions/quarters (Diśaḥ)

FAQs

Adharma collapses in morale: when a key aggressor falls, fear overtakes the unjust side, while the righteous side gains courage—showing the social consequences of dharmic victory.

Nikumbha’s death triggers a dramatic battlefield reaction: vānara jubilation, cosmic-style imagery, and rākṣasa panic.

Communal steadfastness—vānara unity and confidence rises when the cause is advanced by heroic effort.