Shloka 43

Devanagari script

तेद्रुमैःपर्वताग्रैश्चशिलाभिश्चप्लवङ्गमाः ।अभ्यवर्षन्तसमरेरावणिंपर्यवस्थिताः ।।।।

Transliteration

te drumaiḥ parvatāgraiś ca śilābhiś ca plavaṅgamāḥ |

abhyavarṣanta samare rāvaṇiṃ paryavasthitāḥ ||

Translation

เหล่าพลวังคมะเข้าประชิดล้อมอีกครั้ง แล้วในสนามรบก็โปรยถล่มบุตรแห่งราวณะด้วยต้นไม้ ยอดเขา และศิลาทั้งหลาย

Word by Word

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्

• द्रुमैः: with trees
• द्रुमैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: druma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचनम्

• पर्वताग्रैः: with mountain-peaks
• पर्वताग्रैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parvata (प्रातिपदिक) + agra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (parvatānām agrāṇi = mountain-peaks); नपुंसकलिङ्गे, तृतीया, बहुवचनम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• शिलाभिः: with rocks
• शिलाभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śilā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचनम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम्

• प्लवङ्गमाः: the monkeys (leapers)
• प्लवङ्गमाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavaṅgama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्

• अभ्यवर्षन्त: rained down (hurled)
• अभ्यवर्षन्त: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√vṛṣ (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकारः (Imperfect), परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचनम्

• रावणिम्: Rāvaṇa's son (Indrajit)
• रावणिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचनम्

• पर्यवस्थिताः: having surrounded, stationed around
• पर्यवस्थिताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pari-ava-√sthā (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा बहुवचनम्; ‘having surrounded/positioned around’

Context

The Vanaras retreated back to the battle and rained on Ravana's son, trees, mountains and rocks.

Characters & Entities

• Indrajit
• Rāvaṇa
• Plavaṅgamas (Vanaras)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Perseverance in righteous resistance: after being driven back, they re-engage, embodying steadfast commitment to the protection of dharma.

What is the narrative situation?

The Vanaras regroup and bombard Indrajit with massive natural weapons—trees, rocks, and mountain fragments.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective courage and coordination under extreme threat.