Shloka 11

Devanagari script

तंप्रस्थितंमहात्मानमनुजग्मुर्महाबलाः ।सम्हर्षमाणाबहनोधनुष्प्रवरपाणयः ।।6.73.10।।गजस्कन्धगताःकेचित्केचित्प्रवरवाजिभिः ।व्याघ्रवृश्चिकमार्जारखरोरोष्ट्रैश्चभुजङ्गमैः ।।6.73.11।।वराहैश्श्वापदैस्सिंहैर्जम्बुकैःपर्वतोपमैः ।काकहंसमयूरैश्चराक्षसाभीमविक्रमाः ।।6.73.12।।प्रासमुद्गरनिस्त्रिंशपरश्वथगदाधराः ।भुशुण्डिमुद्गरायष्टिशतघ्नीपरिघायुधा ।।6.73.13।।

Transliteration

gaja-skandha-gatāḥ kecit kecit pravara-vājibhiḥ | vyāghra-vṛścika-mārjāra-khara-uroṣṭraiś ca bhujaṅgamaiḥ ||

Translation

บางพวกขึ้นนั่งบนคอช้าง บางพวกขี่ม้าชั้นเลิศ ส่วนอื่น ๆ กลับขึ้นขี่เสือ แมงป่อง แมว ลา อูฐ และแม้แต่งู

Word by Word

• गज-स्कन्ध-गताः: mounted on elephant-backs
• गज-स्कन्ध-गताः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गज (प्रातिपदिक) + स्कन्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + गत (कृदन्त; √गम् धातु)
• Form: बहुवचनम्, पुल्लिङ्गः, प्रथमा (Nominative); गत = क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), विशेषणम्

• केचित्: some (of them)
• केचित्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्गः, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्; सर्वनाम-शब्दः (indefinite pronoun)

• केचित्: some (others)
• केचित्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्गः, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्; सर्वनाम-शब्दः (indefinite pronoun)

• प्रवर-वाजिभिः: by excellent horses (i.e., on fine steeds)
• प्रवर-वाजिभिः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रवर (प्रातिपदिक) + वाजिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्गः, तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचनम्; कर्मधारयः—प्रवराः वाजिनः (excellent horses)

• व्याघ्र-वृश्चिक-मार्जार-खर-उरोष्ट्रैः: with (those like) tigers, scorpions, cats, donkeys and camels
• व्याघ्र-वृश्चिक-मार्जार-खर-उरोष्ट्रैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्याघ्र (प्रातिपदिक) + वृश्चिक (प्रातिपदिक) + मार्जार (प्रातिपदिक) + खर (प्रातिपदिक) + उरोष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्गः, तृतीया, बहुवचनम्; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (copulative): 'with tigers, scorpions, cats, donkeys, and camels' (as mounts/figures)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• भुजङ्गमैः: with serpents
• भुजङ्गमैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुजङ्गम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्गः, तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचनम्

Context

Many Rakshasas of terrific valour, endowed with extraordinary strength, happily, wielding excellent bows, taking barbed missiles, hammers, whetted axes, maces, Bhusandi mallets, Ayasthis, Sataghnis, and Parighas, making noise, went following great Indrajith. Some went on the back of elephants and horses, tigers as large as mountains, scorpions, cats, donkeys, and camels. As well as on serpents, lions, tigers, and jackals.

Characters & Entities

• Indrajit (contextual identification)
• Rākṣasas
• elephants
• horses
• tigers
• serpents

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The epic contrasts civilized restraint with chaotic intimidation: terrifying displays can project power, but dharma values measured force and moral intention over spectacle.

What is the narrative situation?

A vivid catalogue describes the diverse (and uncanny) mounts and conveyances used by Indrajit’s following troops.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Not virtue so much as martial intimidation and resourcefulness—used to heighten the atmosphere of fear surrounding the Rākṣasa forces.