Shloka 5

कुम्भकर्णप्रस्थानम् तथा अङ्गदप्रेरणा

Kumbhakarna’s sortie and Angada’s rallying of the Vanaras

Devanagari script

आत्मानमत्रविस्मृत्यवीर्याण्यभिजनानि च ।क्वगच्छतभयत्रस्ताःप्राकृताहरयोयथा ।।।।

Transliteration

ātmānam atra vismṛtya vīryāṇy abhijanāni ca | kva gacchata bhayatrastāḥ prākṛtā harayo yathā ||

Translation

พวกท่านลืมตนเองที่นี่หรือ—ทั้งวีรภาพและชาติกำเนิดอันสูงส่ง? เหตุใดจึงวิ่งหนีด้วยความกลัว ดุจวานรสามัญเล่า

Word by Word

• आत्मानम्: yourself
• आत्मानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘स्वम्/आत्मानम्’ (yourself)

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place: here)

• विस्मृत्य: having forgotten
• विस्मृत्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्मृ (धातु) + वि (उपसर्ग)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having forgotten’

• वीर्याणि: valor/power
• वीर्याणि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विस्मृत्य इत्यस्य कर्म (object of forgetting)

• अभिजनानि: lineage/noble birth
• अभिजनानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभिजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विस्मृत्य इत्यस्य कर्म

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (and)

• क्व: where
• क्व: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्व (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb: where)

• गच्छत: are you going
• गच्छत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (वर्तमान/Present), मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपदम्; प्रश्नार्थे

• भयत्रस्ताः: frightened
• भयत्रस्ताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भय + त्रस्त (प्रातिपदिक; त्रस्त from √त्रस्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (भयेन त्रस्ताः) कर्तृपदस्य विशेषणम्

• प्राकृताः: common/ordinary
• प्राकृताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राकृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्तृपदस्य विशेषणम्

• हरयः: monkeys/Vanaras
• हरयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• यथा: like
• यथा: Upamana (उपमान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानवाचक-अव्यय (as/like)

Context

"Forgetting yourself, that you are warriors, not knowing by nature, being Vanaras where are you going?"

Characters & Entities

• Aṅgada
• Vānara warriors

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Svadharma: one must act in accordance with one’s duty and true station; fear should not erase responsibility or identity.

What is the narrative situation?

Aṅgada confronts the fleeing troops, reminding them of their strength and status to stop the retreat.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral courage and truthful admonition—Aṅgada speaks frankly to awaken honour and duty.