Shloka 31

कुम्भकर्णप्रस्थानम् तथा अङ्गदप्रेरणा

Kumbhakarna’s sortie and Angada’s rallying of the Vanaras

Devanagari script

एतावदुक्त्वावचनंसर्वेतेभेजिरेदिशः ।भीमंभीमाक्षमायान्तंदृष्टवावानरयूथपाः ।।।।

Transliteration

etāvad uktvā vacanaṁ sarve te bhejire diśaḥ |

bhīmaṁ bhīmākṣam āyāntaṁ dṛṣṭvā vānarayūthapāḥ ||

Translation

ครั้นกล่าวเพียงเท่านั้นแล้ว บรรดาหัวหน้าหมู่วานรทั้งหลาย เมื่อเห็นผู้ดุร้าย ผู้มีดวงตาน่าสะพรึง กำลังรุกเข้ามา ก็พากันกระจัดกระจายไปทุกทิศ

Word by Word

• etāvat: this much
• etāvat: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etāvat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; ‘so much/this much’ (used adverbially)

• uktvā: having said
• uktvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (वच् धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund) ‘having spoken’

• vacanam: speech
• vacanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• sarve: all
• sarve: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• bhejire: fled to/resorted to
• bhejire: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhaj (भज् धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (perfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; ‘took to/resorted to’

• diśaḥ: directions
• diśaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: diś (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• bhīmam: terrible
• bhīmam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhīma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• bhīmākṣam: terrible-eyed
• bhīmākṣam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhīma-akṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (भीमाणि अक्षीणि यस्य); पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• āyāntam: coming
• āyāntam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: i (इ धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त with prefix ‘आ’; पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (दृश् धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund)

• vānarayūthapāḥ: leaders of monkey troops
• vānarayūthapāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara-yūthapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी: वानराणां यूथपाः); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Context

All the Vanara troops having replied that way, seeing Kumbhakarna of frightful eyes coming towards them, scattered in all directions.

Characters & Entities

• Vānara troop-leaders (yūthapāḥ)
• Kumbhakarṇa (implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Without inner discipline (dhṛti), even leaders may abandon dharma under pressure; dharmic order in war requires steadiness and guidance.

What is the narrative situation?

The Vānara commanders break formation and scatter as Kumbhakarṇa closes in.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

By contrast, it highlights the need for dhairya (courage) and saṅgha-śakti (cohesion) in a righteous campaign.