Shloka 45

कुम्भकर्णप्रस्थानम्

Kumbhakarna’s Departure for Battle

Devanagari script

पुररोधस्यमूलंतुराघवस्सहलक्ष्मणः ।हतेतस्मिन् हतंसर्वंतंवधिष्यामिसंयुगे ।।।।

Transliteration

purarodhasya mūlaṃ tu rāghavaḥ sahalakṣmaṇaḥ |

hate tasmin hataṃ sarvaṃ taṃ vadhiṣyāmi saṃyuge ||6.65.45||

Translation

แต่ต้นเหตุที่แท้จริงของการล้อมเมืองนี้คือราฆพพร้อมด้วยลักษณ์ หากสังหารเขาได้ ทุกสิ่งก็เสมือนถูกทำลายสิ้น ดังนั้นข้าจะสังหารเขาในสมรภูมิ

Word by Word

• पुररोधस्य: of the city's siege
• पुररोधस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुर (प्रातिपदिक) + रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः (पुरस्य रोधः = siege/blockade of the city)

• मूलम्: root; cause
• मूलम्: प्रत्यय/विशेष्य (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तु: indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विरोध/विशेष (particle: 'but/indeed')

• राघवः: Raghava (Rama)
• राघवः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सहलक्ष्मणः: with Lakshmana
• सहलक्ष्मणः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सह (अव्यय) + लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्; अव्ययीभावः (सह लक्ष्मणेन = together with Lakshmana)

• हते: when slain
• हते: सप्तमी-सम्बन्ध/अधिकरण (Locative absolute)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; सप्तमी, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (locative absolute with तस्मिन्): 'when (he) is slain'

• तस्मिन्: in him; when he
• तस्मिन्: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (in him/when he)

• हतम्: destroyed
• हतम्: प्रत्यय (Predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय (predicative): 'is destroyed'

• सर्वम्: everything
• सर्वम्: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृस्थानी/विधेयविशेष्य (subject of 'is destroyed')

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (Karma)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• वधिष्यामि: I will kill
• वधिष्यामि: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वध्/हन् (धातु; 'to kill')
• Form: लृट् (simple future), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• संयुगे: in battle
• संयुगे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संयुग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन (locative: 'in battle')

Context

When Kumbhakarna had spoken that way the Rakshasas made noise that was like the sound of an agitated ocean.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Laṅkā (implied city under siege)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Strategic clarity is separated from moral clarity. Kumbhakarṇa correctly identifies leadership as decisive, but dharma evaluates whether the cause itself is righteous. In the Ramāyaṇa, fighting for an unrighteous objective remains adharma even if tactically sound.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbhakarṇa declares his plan to target Rāma (and Lakṣmaṇa) as the key to ending the siege.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Decisiveness and strategic thinking; the ethical deficit is allegiance to an unjust cause.