Shloka 41

कुम्भकर्णप्रस्थानम्

Kumbhakarna’s Departure for Battle

Devanagari script

अथान्यद्वपुरादायदारुणंरोमहर्षणम् ।निष्पपातमहातेजाःकुम्भकर्णोमहाबलः ।।6.65.40।।धनुःशतपरीणाहः स षट्छत्रसमुच्छ्रितः ।रौद्रःशकटचक्राक्षोमहापर्वतसन्निभः ।।6.65.41।।

Transliteration

dhanuḥśataparīṇāhaḥ sa ṣaṭchatrasamucchritaḥ |

raudraḥ śakaṭacakrākṣo mahāparvatasannibhaḥ ||6.65.41||

Translation

กายของเขากว้างดุจร้อยคันธนู และสูงตระหง่านดุจหกร้อยคันธนู; เกรี้ยวกราด ดวงตาดุจล้อรถศึก แลดูประหนึ่งภูเขามหึมา

Word by Word

• धनुःशतपरीणाहः: hundred-bow in girth
• धनुःशतपरीणाहः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धनुस् (प्रातिपदिक) + शत (प्रातिपदिक) + परीणाह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (धनुषां शतानां परीणाहः = having a girth/width of a hundred bows)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• षट्छत्रसमुच्छ्रितः: raised to six-umbrella height
• षट्छत्रसमुच्छ्रितः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: षट् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + छत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + सम् + उत् + श्रि (धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle: 'raised'); समासः तत्पुरुषः (षट्-छत्र-प्रमाणेन समुच्छ्रितः = raised to the measure of six umbrellas)

• रौद्रः: fierce
• रौद्रः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रौद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• शकटचक्राक्षः: with wheel-like eyes/axles
• शकटचक्राक्षः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शकट (प्रातिपदिक) + चक्र (प्रातिपदिक) + अक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्; समासः तत्पुरुषः (शकटस्य चक्रस्य अक्ष इव/यस्य = having axle/eyes like cart-wheels; traditional gloss varies)

• महापर्वतसन्निभः: like a huge mountain
• महापर्वतसन्निभः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + पर्वत (प्रातिपदिक) + सन्निभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्; समासः तत्पुरुषः (महापर्वत-सदृशः)

Context

Thus spoke, Kumbhakarna who resembled a charred mountain, with wide mouth, reaching near the Rakshasas, laughing.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The epic underscores that external magnitude—size, strength, ferocity—does not equal moral greatness. Dharma is measured by right intent and right action, not by terrifying power.

What is the narrative situation?

A hyperbolic physical description establishes Kumbhakarṇa as a near-unstoppable force entering the war scene.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Awe-inspiring might (bala) and fearsome presence; the implied counter-virtue for the protagonists is courage rooted in dharma.