Shloka 20

कुम्भकर्णप्रस्थानम्

Kumbhakarna’s Departure for Battle

Devanagari script

इन्द्राशनिसमंभीमंवज्रप्रतिमगौरवम् ।देवदानवगन्धर्वयक्षपन्नगसूदनम् ।।6.65.19 ।।रक्तमाल्यंमहाधामंस्वतश्चोद्गतपावकम् ।आदायनिशितंशूलंशत्रुशोणितरञ्जितम् ।।6.65.20।।कुम्भकर्णोमहातेजारावणंवाक्यमब्रवीत् ।

Transliteration

indrāśanisamaṃ bhīmaṃ vajrapratimagauravam |

devadānavagandharvayakṣapannagasūdanam ||

raktamālyaṃ mahādhāmaṃ svataś codgatapāvakam |

ādāya niśitaṃ śūlaṃ śatruśoṇitarañjitam ||

kumbhakarṇo mahātejā rāvaṇaṃ vākyam abravīt ||

Translation

เมื่อกุมศูลอันคม—น่ากลัวดุจอสนีบาตของพระอินทร์ หนักดุจวัชระ เป็นผู้ทำลายเทวดา ทานพ คนธรรพ์ ยักษ์ และนาค; ประดับพวงมาลัยสีแดง เรืองรองด้วยเดชใหญ่ และแดงฉานด้วยโลหิตศัตรู—กุมภกรรณผู้มีตบะเดชยิ่งจึงกล่าวต่อทศกัณฐ์

Word by Word

• इन्द्राशनिसमम्: equal to Indra's thunderbolt
• इन्द्राशनिसमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इन्द्राशनि + सम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (Neuter, Accusative singular; adjective)

• भीमम्: terrible
• भीमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (Neuter, Accusative singular)

• वज्रप्रतिमगौरवम्: having weight/majesty like a thunderbolt
• वज्रप्रतिमगौरवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वज्र + प्रतिम + गौरव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (Neuter, Accusative singular)

• देवदानवगन्धर्वयक्षपन्नगसूदनम्: slayer of devas, danavas, gandharvas, yakshas, and serpents
• देवदानवगन्धर्वयक्षपन्नगसूदनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: देव + दानव + गन्धर्व + यक्ष + पन्नग + सूदन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुपद-समासः, विशेषणम् (Neuter, Accusative singular; compound adjective)

• रक्तमाल्यम्: wearing a red garland
• रक्तमाल्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रक्त + माल्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (Neuter, Accusative singular)

• महाधामम्: of great splendor
• महाधामम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महā + धाम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (Neuter, Accusative singular)

• स्वतः: of itself; naturally
• स्वतः: Hetu/Prakaraṇa (हेतु/प्रकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषणम् (indeclinable adverb)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-बोधक-निपातः (conjunction/particle)

• उद्गतपावकम्: like fire that has risen up
• उद्गतपावकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्गत (उद्+गम्, कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + पावक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (Neuter, Accusative singular)

• आदाय: having taken up
• आदाय: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive); पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया (having taken)

• निशितम्: sharp
• निशितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निशित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; नि+शा/शि)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (Neuter, Accusative singular)

• शूलम्: trident/spear
• शूलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Neuter, Accusative singular)

• शत्रुशोणितरञ्जितम्: stained with the enemy's blood
• शत्रुशोणितरञ्जितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शत्रु + शोणित + रञ्जित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; रञ्ज् धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (Neuter, Accusative singular)

• कुम्भकर्णः: Kumbhakarna
• कुम्भकर्णः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative singular)

• महातेजाः: highly radiant/energetic
• महातेजाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महā + तेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (Masculine, Nominative singular)

• रावणम्: Ravana
• रावणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative singular)

• वाक्यम्: words; speech
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Neuter, Accusative singular)

• अब्रवीत्: said; spoke
• अब्रवीत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम् (3rd person singular, active)

Context

"You know me. I will get rid of your enmity killing the cruel minded Rama. Be fearless and happy now."

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Rāvaṇa
• Indra
• vajra
• Deva
• Dānava
• Gandharva
• Yakṣa
• Pannaga
• śūla

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The repetition underscores the epic theme that spectacular power can seduce the mind; Dharma requires truth-guided judgment rather than being carried away by might.

What is the narrative situation?

This is a repeated/overlapping description in the Southern Recension, again introducing Kumbhakarṇa’s armed readiness before his speech.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Overwhelming strength and fearlessness are emphasized.