Shloka 2

कुम्भकर्णस्य प्रबोधनम्

The Awakening and Commissioning of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

राक्षसानांसहस्रैश्चवृतःपरमदुर्जयः ।गृहेभ्यःपुष्पवर्षेणकीर्यमाणस्तदाययौ ।।6.62.2।।

Transliteration

rākṣasānāṁ sahasraiś ca vṛtaḥ paramadurjayaḥ |

gṛhebhyaḥ puṣpavarṣeṇa kīryamāṇas tadā yayau ||6.62.2||

Translation

แล้วกุมภกรรณผู้แทบมิอาจปราบได้ ก้าวหน้าไปโดยมีรากษสนับพันห้อมล้อม ขณะเดียวกันจากเรือนทั้งหลายก็โปรยปรายดอกไม้ลงมาดุจฝน

Word by Word

• राक्षसानाम्: of rakshasas
• राक्षसानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• सहस्रैः: by thousands (of them)
• सहस्रैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument; means/attendants)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय (conjunction)

• वृतः: surrounded
• वृतः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of Karta)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √वृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृविशेषण

• परम-दुर्जयः: most difficult to conquer
• परम-दुर्जयः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of Karta)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक) + दुर्जय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय: परमः दुर्जयः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृविशेषण

• गृहेभ्यः: from the houses
• गृहेभ्यः: अपादान (Apādāna/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative/5th), बहुवचन

• पुष्प-वर्षेण: with a shower of flowers
• पुष्प-वर्षेण: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्प (प्रातिपदिक) + वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष: पुष्पाणां वर्षः; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• कीर्यमाणः: being strewn/covered (with)
• कीर्यमाणः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of Karta)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √कॄ (धातु; किरति)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि शानच्/मान (Present passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृविशेषण

• तदा: then
• तदा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, कालवाचक (temporal adverb)

• ययौ: went
• ययौ: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

Context

"O King! For what purpose have I been awakened by you? Whom are you fearing? I wish to know who is to be ceased in life?"

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• rākṣasas
• Laṅkā (implied by setting)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights how public honor and celebration can surround power, yet Dharma requires discernment: outward acclaim is not proof of righteousness, especially in a war driven by adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbhakarṇa appears and proceeds forth, escorted by rākṣasas, amid ceremonial flower-showers from the city’s dwellings.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Martial might and feared invincibility are emphasized (paramadurjayaḥ), setting Kumbhakarṇa up as a formidable combatant.