Shloka 37

अकम्पनवधः — The Slaying of Akampana

Hanuman’s rout of the Rakshasa host

Devanagari script

विनेदुश्चयथाप्राणंहरयोजितकाशिनः ।चकर्षुश्चपुनस्तत्रसप्राणानपिराक्षसान् ।।6.56.37।।

Transliteration

vineduś ca yathā-prāṇaṃ harayo jita-kāśinaḥ |

cakarṣuś ca punas tatra sa-prāṇān api rākṣasān ||6.56.37||

Translation

ท่ามกลางรัศมีแห่งชัยชนะ เหล่าวานรคำรามสุดกำลังดั่งใจ และ ณ ที่นั้นเองก็ลากจูงแม้รากษสที่ยังมีลมหายใจมาเป็นเชลยอีกครั้ง

Word by Word

• विनेदुः: they roared
• विनेदुः: क्रिया (verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √नद् (धातु) + वि
• Form: लिट्/लङ्? (contextual past); here commonly taken as लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; ‘they roared/shouted’

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• यथा: as
• यथा: क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमान/प्रकारवाचक (as/according to)

• प्राणम्: life/breath (to full extent)
• प्राणम्: क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial accusative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; (used adverbially in phrase यथाप्राणम्)

• हरयः: the monkeys
• हरयः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• जितकाशिनः: triumphant/splendid
• जितकाशिनः: कर्ता-विशेषण (adjective of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित + काशिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-प्रायः: ‘जिता काशिः (दीप्तिः/शोभा) येषाम्’ (victorious-looking/with triumphant splendour)

• चकर्षुः: they dragged/drew
• चकर्षुः: क्रिया (verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृष् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरावृत्तिवाचक (again)

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/locative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (locative adverb: there)

• सप्राणान्: alive
• सप्राणान्: कर्म-विशेषण (qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + प्राण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘प्राणैः सह’/‘प्राणवन्तः’ (alive)

• अपि: even
• अपि: सम्बन्ध/निपात (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (even/also)

• राक्षसान्: Rakshasas
• राक्षसान्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

Context

Then Akampana seated in the chariot drawn by fast moving horses, assailed the Vanaras with a network of arrows.

Characters & Entities

• Vānaras
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Victory tests dharma: celebration and treatment of defeated foes must remain restrained; the epic’s broader ethic cautions against cruelty after triumph.

What is the narrative situation?

After gaining the upper hand, the Vānara forces shout in triumph and seize Rākṣasas who are still alive.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective morale and courage—though the verse also implies the need for disciplined conduct after victory.