Shloka 9

अकम्पन-प्रेषणम् तथा कपि-राक्षस-रणवर्णनम्

Akampana Dispatched; The Vanara–Rakshasa Battle and Omens

Devanagari script

तस्यनिर्धावमानस्यसम्रब्धस्ययुयुत्सया ।।।।अकस्माद्दैन्यमागच्छद्धयानांरथवाहिनाम् ।

Transliteration

tasya nirdhāvamānasya samrabdhasya yuyutsayā | akasmād dainyam āgacchad hayānāṁ rathavāhinām ||

Translation

เมื่อเขาพุ่งเข้าหาอย่างดุดัน ด้วยใจมุ่งรบ พลันความท้อแท้ก็เกิดแก่เหล่าม้าผู้ลากรถศึกของเขาโดยฉับพลัน

Word by Word

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (his)

• nirdhāvamānasya: of (him) rushing forth
• nirdhāvamānasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nir-√dhāv (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (तस्य)

• samrabdhasya: of (him) enraged/impetuous
• samrabdhasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: samrabdha (प्रातिपदिक; sam-√rabh क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (तस्य)

• yuyutsayā: by the desire to fight
• yuyutsayā: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuyutsā (प्रातिपदिक; desiderative noun from √yudh)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; हेतु/करणभाव (by desire to fight)

• akasmāt: suddenly
• akasmāt: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: akasmāt (अव्यय)
• Form: आकस्मिकत्ववाचक-अव्यय (suddenly)

• dainyam: dejection
• dainyam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dainya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तृवत् (subject of āgacchat)

• āgacchat: came / arose
• āgacchat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√gam (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• dhayānām: of the horses
• dhayānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध

• rathavāhinām: drawing the chariot
• rathavāhinām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ratha-vāhin (प्रातिपदिक; रथ + वाहिन्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (धयानाम्)

Context

As Akampana was going forth excited to wage war, an expression of desperation developed suddenly in the horses drawing the chariots and an experience of depression in him.

Characters & Entities

• Akampana
• Chariot
• Horses

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma-driven aggression meets resistance even in nature: the sudden dejection of the horses functions as a moral omen, suggesting that Satya and Dharma ultimately constrain unrighteous force.

What is the narrative situation?

Akampana advances to fight, but an inauspicious sign appears—his chariot-horses lose spirit unexpectedly.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The verse highlights not virtue but a warning: unchecked belligerence (yuyutsā joined with samrambha) is portrayed as unstable and ominous.