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Shloka 42

द्वन्द्वयुद्धप्रवृत्तिः

Dvandva-Yuddha: The Onset of Single Combats

भग्नैखडगैर्गदाभिश्चशक्तितोमरपट्टसै: ।अपविद्धैश्चाभिन्नैश्चरथैस्साङ्ग्रामिकैर्हयैः ।।6.43.42।।निहतैःकुञ्जरैर्मत्स्सैस्तथावानरराक्षसैः ।चक्राक्षयुगदण्डैश्चभग्नैर्धरणिसंश्रितैः ।।6.43.43।।बभूवायोधनंघोरंगोमायुगणसेवितम् ।

bhagnair khaḍagair gadābhiś ca śakti-tomara-paṭṭasaiḥ |

apaviddhaiś cābhinnaiś ca rathaiḥ sāṅgrāmikair hayaiḥ ||6.43.42||

nihatāiḥ kuñjaraiḥ matsyaiḥ tathā vānararākṣasaiḥ |

cakrākṣa-yuga-daṇḍaiś ca bhagnair dharaṇisaṃśritaiḥ ||6.43.43||

babhūva āyodhanaṃ ghoraṃ gomāyugaṇa-sevitam |

สมรภูมินั้นกลายเป็นที่น่าสยดสยอง—เกลื่อนด้วยดาบและกระบองที่หัก พรั่งพร้อมด้วยหอก หลาว และขวาน; รถศึกแตกพังและคว่ำพร้อมม้าศึก; ซากช้างที่ล้มตาย และกองศพวานรกับรากษส; ทั้งล้อ เพลา และแอกที่หักกระจายบนพื้นดิน—จนฝูงสุนัขจิ้งจอกพากันมาอาศัย

भग्नैःwith broken
भग्नैः:
करण/सहचर (accompaniment in description)
TypeAdjective
Rootभञ्ज् (धातु) → भग्न (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्यय; 'broken'
खडगैःswords
खडगैः:
करण/सहचर
TypeNoun
Rootखडग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन
गदाभिःmaces
गदाभिः:
करण/सहचर
TypeNoun
Rootगदा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन
and
:
सम्बन्ध/निपात
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक
शक्ति-तोमर-पट्टसैःspears, javelins, and axes
शक्ति-तोमर-पट्टसैः:
करण/सहचर
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति (प्रातिपदिक) + तोमर (प्रातिपदिक) + पट्टस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व-समासः (enumerative): spears, javelins, axes
अपविद्धैःthrown aside
अपविद्धैः:
करण/सहचर
TypeAdjective
Rootअप+विध् (धातु) → विद्ध (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; 'cast away/scattered'
and
:
सम्बन्ध/निपात
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक
अभिन्नैःunbroken
अभिन्नैः:
करण/सहचर
TypeAdjective
Rootअ+भिन्न (कृदन्त; भिद् धातु + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; 'unbroken/undamaged'
and
:
सम्बन्ध/निपात
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक
रथैःchariots
रथैः:
करण/सहचर
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन
साङ्ग्रामिकैःbattle-worthy
साङ्ग्रामिकैः:
करण-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसाङ्ग्रामिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; 'रथैः/हयैः' इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (fit for battle)
हयैःhorses
हयैः:
करण/सहचर
TypeNoun
Rootहय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन
निहतैःslain
निहतैः:
करण/सहचर
TypeAdjective
Rootनि+हन् (धातु) → हत (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; 'slain'
कुञ्जरैःelephants
कुञ्जरैः:
करण/सहचर
TypeNoun
Rootकुञ्जर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन
मत्स्यैःfishes (as read)
मत्स्यैः:
करण/सहचर
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; पाठभेदे 'मत्तैः' (intoxicated) सम्भवः, अत्र 'मत्स्यैः' यथापाठम्
तथाalso
तथा:
सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/तुल्यतावाचक (also/similarly)
वानर-राक्षसैःby monkeys and rākṣasas
वानर-राक्षसैः:
करण/सहचर
TypeNoun
Rootवानर (प्रातिपदिक) + राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्वः = monkeys and rākṣasas
चक्र-अक्ष-युग-दण्डैःwith wheels, axles, yokes, and poles
चक्र-अक्ष-युग-दण्डैः:
करण/सहचर
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र (प्रातिपदिक) + अक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + युग (प्रातिपदिक) + दण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व-समासः (enumeration): wheels, axles, yokes, poles
and
:
सम्बन्ध/निपात
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक
भग्नैःbroken
भग्नैः:
करण/सहचर
TypeAdjective
Rootभञ्ज् (धातु) → भग्न (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन
धरणि-संश्रितैःlying on the ground
धरणि-संश्रितैः:
करण/सहचर
TypeAdjective
Rootधरणि (प्रातिपदिक) + सम्+श्रि (धातु) → श्रित (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः = 'धरण्यां संश्रिताः' (lying on the ground)
बभूवbecame/was
बभूव:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
आयोधनम्battlefield
आयोधनम्:
कर्ता (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootआयोधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
घोरम्terrible
घोरम्:
कर्ता-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; 'आयोधनम्' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
गोमायु-गण-सेवितम्frequented by packs of jackals
गोमायु-गण-सेवितम्:
कर्ता-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootगोमायु (प्रातिपदिक) + गण (प्रातिपदिक) + सेवित (कृदन्त, क्त; सेव् धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः = 'गोमायुगणैः सेवितम्' (frequented by groups of jackals)

Then the Rakshasas killed by Vanara leaders, their bodies full of blood were looking for sunset and again picking up strength began to battle.।। ityārṣēvālmīkīyēśrīmadrāmāyaṇēādikāvyēyuddhakāṇḍētricatvāriṅśassargaḥ ।।This is the end of the forty third sarga of Yuddha Kanda of the first epic the holy Ramayana composed by sage Valmiki.

V
Vānaras
R
Rākṣasas
B
Battlefield (āyodhana)
G
Gomāyu (jackals)

FAQs

It highlights the ethical weight of war: even when fought for dharma, battle brings suffering and ruin, urging sobriety, restraint, and remembrance of life’s impermanence.

After intense fighting, the field is described as strewn with weapons, wreckage, and bodies, attracting scavengers.

Not a single virtue of one character, but the text’s reflective emphasis on vigilance and responsibility in the use of force.