Shloka 9

माल्यवानुपदेशः—रावणक्रोधः तथा लङ्काद्वाररक्षा-व्यवस्था

Malyavan’s Counsel, Ravana’s Anger, and the Fortification of Lanka

Devanagari script

वृतंवानरकोटीभिस्ससुग्रीवंसलक्ष्मणम् ।पश्यकैश्चिदहोभिस्त्वंराघवंनिहतंमया ।।।।

Transliteration

vṛtaṃ vānarakoṭībhis sa-sugrīvaṃ sa-lakṣmaṇam | paśya kaiścid ahobhis tvaṃ rāghavaṃ nihataṃ mayā || 6.36.9 ||

Translation

ภายในเวลาเพียงไม่กี่วัน เจ้าจะได้เห็นราฆวะถูกเราสังหาร พร้อมทั้งลักษมณะและสุครีวะ แม้เขาจะถูกโอบล้อมด้วยวานรนับโกฏิก็ตาม

Word by Word

• वृतम्: surrounded
• वृतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा एकवचन; अत्र राघवम् इति कर्मणि विशेषणम्

• वानरकोटीभिः: by crores of vanaras
• वानरकोटीभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर + कोटि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (वानराणां कोटयः = crores of monkeys); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन

• ससुग्रीवम्: together with Sugriva
• ससुग्रीवम्: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (सह सुग्रीवेण = with Sugriva); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; राघवम् इति विशेषणम्

• सलक्ष्मणम्: together with Lakshmana
• सलक्ष्मणम्: Visheshana (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (सह लक्ष्मणेन = with Lakshmana); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; राघवम् इति विशेषणम्

• पश्य: see
• पश्य: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative/आज्ञार्थ), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• कैश्चित्: in a few
• कैश्चित्: Kāla/Parimāṇa (काल/परिमाण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अनिश्चित-परिमाणसूचक (indefinite) सर्वनाम-प्रयोगः; तृतीया-बहुवचन-रूपम्, अव्ययवत् काल/परिमाणे (in a few)

• अहोभिः: by days / within days
• अहोभिः: Kāla (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, मध्यम-पुरुष, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन

• राघवम्: Raghava (Rama)
• राघवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• निहतम्: killed
• निहतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-हन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; राघवम् इति विशेषणम्

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, उत्तम-पुरुष, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन

Context

"I suspect that out of hatred towards me, you are speaking such harsh words to a hero encouraged by the enemy."

Characters & Entities

• Rāghava (Rāma)
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sugrīva
• Vānaras

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse serves as a warning against arrogance: dharma teaches self-restraint and realism; boastful violence fueled by ego leads to downfall.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa boasts of imminent victory and claims he will kill Rāma and his allies despite their vast army.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The implied virtue is steadfast courage in a righteous cause (seen in Rāma’s alliance); Rāvaṇa exemplifies the opposite—overconfidence.