Shloka 40

लङ्कानिरीक्षणं व्यूहविन्यासश्च

Survey of Lanka and Deployment of the Battle Formation

Devanagari script

तच्चास्यबलमादास्येबलेनमहतावृतः ।ज्योतिषामिवसर्वेषांप्रभामुद्यन्दिवाकरः ।।।।

Transliteration

tac cāsya balam ādāsye balena mahatāvṛtaḥ |

jyotiṣām iva sarveṣāṃ prabhām udyan divākaraḥ ||

Translation

เมื่อข้าถูกโอบล้อมด้วยกองทัพอันใหญ่หลวง ข้าจะใช้กำลังของข้าชิงและบดบังพลังของเขา—ดุจสุริยันอุทัยที่กลบแสงแห่งดวงดาวทั้งปวง

Word by Word

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• asya: of him
• asya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• balam: strength
• balam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• ādāsye: I will take away
• ādāsye: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु) + ā (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लृट् (simple future), आत्मनेपद, उत्तम-पुरुष, एकवचन; 'I will take away/appropriate'

• balena: with strength/force
• balena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन

• mahatā: great
• mahatā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (of bala)

• vṛtaḥ: surrounded
• vṛtaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vṛ (धातु) + kta
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; 'surrounded'

• jyotiṣām: of lights (luminaries)
• jyotiṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jyotis (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन

• iva: like
• iva: Upamāna-marker (उपमान-सूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय

• sarveṣām: of all
• sarveṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन

• prabhām: radiance
• prabhām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prabhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• udyan: rising
• udyan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ud (धातु) + śatṛ (present participle)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त; 'rising'

• divākaraḥ: the sun
• divākaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: divākara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: दिवा+करः (maker of day)

Context

"Just as the rising Sun light obscures the radiance of all (other stars) when will I obscure him surrounded by his army?"

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Rāma (implied by asya/his in context)
• divākara (sun)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse illustrates how ego can invert truth (satya): Rāvaṇa imagines dominance as inevitable, but dharma teaches that power without righteousness is unstable and self-deceiving.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa boasts that with his army he will overwhelm Rāma, using a cosmic simile of the sun eclipsing the stars.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Implied virtue: discernment and humility; Rāvaṇa instead displays overconfidence.