Shloka 32

लङ्कानिरीक्षणं व्यूहविन्यासश्च

Survey of Lanka and Deployment of the Battle Formation

Devanagari script

सकृत्वासागरेसेतुंतीर्त्वाचलवणोदधिम् ।एषरक्षांसिनिर्दूयधन्वीतिष्ठतिराघवः ।।।।

Transliteration

sakṛtvā sāgare setuṃ tīrtvā ca lavaṇodadhim |

eṣa rakṣāṃsi nirdūya dhanvī tiṣṭhati rāghavaḥ ||

Translation

ครั้นสร้างสะพานข้ามมหาสมุทร และข้ามทะเลเค็มแล้ว ราฆวะยืนอยู่ ณ ฝั่งรากษส ถือคันศรในพระหัตถ์ ขับไล่รากษสให้ถอยร่น

Word by Word

• sa: he
• sa: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• kṛtvā: having made
• kṛtvā: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund): 'having made/done'

• sāgare: in/on the ocean
• sāgare: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sāgara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• setum: bridge
• setum: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: setu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• tīrtvā: having crossed
• tīrtvā: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √tṝ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive): 'having crossed'

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction): 'and'

• lavaṇa-udadhiṃ: the salt sea
• lavaṇa-udadhiṃ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lavaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + udadhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास ('salt ocean'); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• eṣa: this (man)
• eṣa: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• rakṣāṃsi: Rakshasas
• rakṣāṃsi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rakṣas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• nirdūya: having driven away
• nirdūya: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nir-√dū (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive; irregular/variant form): 'having driven away/repelled'

• dhanvī: bow-wielding
• dhanvī: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhanvin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणवत्-नाम: 'bowman/one with a bow'

• tiṣṭhati: stands
• tiṣṭhati: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √sthā (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• rāghavaḥ: Raghava (Rama)
• rāghavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

"Mighty Raghava having crossed the salt sea and reached the shore of Rakshasas, organized them (Vanaras) and stood wielding a bow."

Characters & Entities

• Rāghava (Rāma)
• setu (bridge)
• rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is steadfast, disciplined action toward a righteous aim: Rāma does not rely on boast or cruelty, but completes the necessary duty (building the bridge, crossing, standing ready) to restore justice.

What is the narrative situation?

After the bridge is built and the crossing is complete, Śuka reports to Rāvaṇa that Rāma has arrived at the rākṣasa shore and is positioned for battle.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s resolve and preparedness—calm readiness for a dharmic confrontation.