Shloka 111

विभीषणागमनम्

Vibhīṣaṇa’s Arrival and the Debate on Refuge

Devanagari script

इत्युक्त्वापरुषंवाक्यंरावणंरावणानुजः ।आजगाममुहूर्तेनयत्ररामस्सलक्ष्मणः ।।6.17.1।।

Transliteration

ity uktvā paruṣaṃ vākyaṃ rāvaṇaṃ rāvaṇānujaḥ |

ājagāma muhūrtena yatra rāmaḥ sa-lakṣmaṇaḥ ||

Translation

ดังนี้ ครั้นตักเตือนราวณะด้วยถ้อยคำอันรุนแรงแล้ว วิภีษณะก็รีบมาถึง ณ ที่ซึ่งพระรามทรงยืนพร้อมพระลักษมณ์

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; वाक्यसमाप्तिसूचक-निपात (particle/quotative)

• उक्त्वा: having said
• उक्त्वा: Kriya (क्रिया; पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive/gerund); ‘having said’

• परुषम्: harsh
• परुषम्: Karma (कर्म; vākyaṃ-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifier)

• वाक्यम्: speech, words
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म; said/uttered)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• रावणम्: to Ravana
• रावणम्: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान; to/unto Ravana)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• रावणानुजः: Ravana's younger brother (Vibhishana)
• रावणानुजः: Karta (कर्ता; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक) + अनुज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive tatpurusha): ‘रावणस्य अनुजः’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• आजगाम: came, reached
• आजगाम: Kriya (क्रिया; main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect; narrative past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; उपसर्ग: आ-

• मुहूर्तेन: in a short while
• मुहूर्तेन: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; time-when)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुहूर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; करण/कालवाचक (instrumental of time)

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; place-where)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक-सम्बन्धबोधक (relative adverb: where)

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; yatra-सम्बद्धः/located there)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• सलक्ष्मणः: together with Lakshmana
• सलक्ष्मणः: Visheshana (विशेषण; qualifier of Rama)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय-उपपद) + लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास: ‘लक्ष्मणेन सह’ (= with Lakshmana); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; रामस्य विशेषणम्

Context

Vibheeshana, having addressed Ravana in harsh language, reached Rama and Lakshmana in a short while.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is not passive approval; it can require firm speech against injustice and then active alignment with the righteous side.

What is the narrative situation?

Vibhīṣaṇa completes his break with Rāvaṇa and reaches Rāma’s side.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truth-allegiance (satya-niṣṭhā) over clan allegiance.