Shloka 109

विभीषणागमनम्

Vibhīṣaṇa’s Arrival and the Debate on Refuge

Devanagari script

इत्युक्त्वापरुषंवाक्यंरावणंरावणानुजः ।आजगाममुहूर्तेनयत्ररामस्सलक्ष्मणः ।।6.17.1।।

Transliteration

ity uktvā paruṣaṃ vākyaṃ rāvaṇaṃ rāvaṇānujaḥ |

ājagāma muhūrtena yatra rāmaḥ sa-lakṣmaṇaḥ ||

Translation

ครั้นกล่าวถ้อยคำอันหนักแน่นรุนแรงต่อทศกัณฐ์แล้ว วิภีษณะก็รีบไปยังที่ซึ่งพระรามทรงยืนพร้อมพระลักษมณ์

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; वाक्यसमाप्तिसूचक-निपात (particle/quotative)

• उक्त्वा: having said
• उक्त्वा: Kriya (क्रिया; पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive/gerund); ‘having said’

• परुषम्: harsh
• परुषम्: Karma (कर्म; vākyaṃ-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifier)

• वाक्यम्: speech, words
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म; said/uttered)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• रावणम्: to Ravana
• रावणम्: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान; to/unto Ravana)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• रावणानुजः: Ravana's younger brother (Vibhishana)
• रावणानुजः: Karta (कर्ता; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक) + अनुज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive tatpurusha): ‘रावणस्य अनुजः’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• आजगाम: came, reached
• आजगाम: Kriya (क्रिया; main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect; narrative past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; उपसर्ग: आ-

• मुहूर्तेन: in a short while
• मुहूर्तेन: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; time-when)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुहूर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; करण/कालवाचक (instrumental of time)

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; place-where)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक-सम्बन्धबोधक (relative adverb: where)

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; yatra-सम्बद्धः/located there)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• सलक्ष्मणः: together with Lakshmana
• सलक्ष्मणः: Visheshana (विशेषण; qualifier of Rama)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय-उपपद) + लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास: ‘लक्ष्मणेन सह’ (= with Lakshmana); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; रामस्य विशेषणम्

Context

Vibheeshana, having addressed Ravana in harsh language, reached Rama and Lakshmana in a short while.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The ethical axis is discernment (viveka): truth-aligned action is valued over kinship when kinship supports adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Vibhīṣaṇa transitions from Rāvaṇa’s presence to Rāma’s, marking a decisive shift in allegiance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadfastness in righteousness (dharmaniṣṭhā).