Shloka 10

रावणस्य सभाप्रवेशः

Ravana Enters the Royal Assembly and Summons Counsel

Devanagari script

सनेमिघोषेणमहान्सहसाऽभिनिनादयन् ।राजमार्गंश्रियाजुष्टंप्रतिपेदेमहारथः ।।।।

Transliteration

sa nemi-ghoṣeṇa mahān sahasā ’bhininādayan | rāja-mārgaṁ śriyā juṣṭaṁ pratipede mahā-rathaḥ ||6.11.10||

Translation

มหารถีนั้นทำให้เสียงล้อกึกก้องกังวานขึ้นโดยฉับพลัน แล้วเข้าสู่ถนนหลวงอันรุ่งเรืองงดงามของพระราชา

Word by Word

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम

• nemi-ghoṣeṇa: with the rumbling of the wheels
• nemi-ghoṣeṇa: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nemi (प्रातिपदिक) + ghoṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचनम्; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (nemeḥ ghoṣaḥ)

• mahān: great
• mahān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्

• sahasā: suddenly
• sahasā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: suddenly/forcibly)

• abhininādayan: causing to resound
• abhininādayan: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi+ni+nad (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (Present active participle); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• rāja-mārgam: the royal road
• rāja-mārgam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक) + mārga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative/2nd), एकवचनम्; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (rājñaḥ mārgaḥ)

• śriyā: with splendor
• śriyā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śrī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचनम्

• juṣṭam: adorned
• juṣṭam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: juṣ (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (Past passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; ‘enjoyed/adorned’

• pratipede: entered/reached
• pratipede: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati+pad (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्

• mahā-rathaḥ: the great charioteer
• mahā-rathaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्; समासः—कर्मधारयः

Context

As the rattling sounds of the great chariot echoed in all directions, he entered the bright pleasing royal path all at once.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa (implied by context of Sarga 11)
• mahāratha (great charioteer/warrior)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It suggests the contrast between outer splendor and inner morality: royal magnificence can mask ethical decline, reminding readers to measure greatness by dharma and satya, not display.

What is the narrative situation?

A scene-setting description of a great chariot’s entry onto the grand royal road, emphasizing sound and splendor.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Public power and majesty (external), used by the narrative to set up reflection on the need for inner righteousness.