Shloka 17

राघव-रावणयोः घोर-द्वैरथ-युद्धम्

The Fierce Chariot-Duel of Rama and Ravana

Devanagari script

गदाश्चपरिघांश्चैवचक्राणिमुसलानि च ।।6.109.17।।गिरिशृङ्गाणिवृक्षांश्चतथाशूलपरश्वधान् ।

Transliteration

gadāś ca parighāṃś caiva cakrāṇi musalāni ca |

giriśṛṅgāṇi vṛkṣāṃś ca tathā śūla-paraśvadhān ||6.109.17||

Translation

ที่นั่นมีทั้งคทาและท่อนเหล็ก จักรและกระบอง; ทั้งยอดเขาและต้นไม้ที่ถอนราก รวมถึงตรีศูลและขวานเป็นอาวุธด้วย

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी, बहुवचनम्; सर्वनाम

• असम्भ्रमम्: lack of agitation
• असम्भ्रमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ + सम्भ्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; भाववाचक-नाम (state)

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्तः (gerund)

• वाजिनाम्: of the horses
• वाजिनाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाजिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी, बहुवचनम्

• रावणः: Ravana
• रावणः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kala (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्ययम् (adverb of time)

• भूयः: again/exceedingly
• भूयः: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भूयस् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: परिमाण/आवृत्ति-वाचक-अव्ययम् (again/exceedingly)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपातः (emphasis/only)

• सुसङ्क्रुद्धः: highly enraged
• सुसङ्क्रुद्धः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु + सं + क्रुध् (धातु) > सुसङ्क्रुद्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (PPP), पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम्

• शरवर्षम्: shower of arrows
• शरवर्षम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर + वर्ष (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः; नपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• मुमोच: released
• मुमोच: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• ह: indeed
• ह: Particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (अव्यय)
• Form: निपातः (emphatic particle)

Context

Unwearied at heart, Ravana let loose rain of arrows created by magic in thousands.

Characters & Entities

• Mountain peaks (giriśṛṅga)
• Trees (vṛkṣa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse underscores the terror of unrestrained force. Dharma in war is not merely power, but proportion and rule-bound conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

A catalogue of weapons and improvised missiles frames the scale and ferocity of the assault.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The implied virtue is maryādā (limits). The piling up of weapons highlights what battle becomes when limits are ignored.