Shloka 11

रावणरथवैभव–निमित्तदर्शन–राममातलिसंवादः

Ravana’s Chariot, Portents, and Rama–Matali Instructions

Devanagari script

तदप्रमादमातिष्ठन्प्रत्युद्गच्छरथंरिपोः ।विध्वंसयितुमिच्छामिवायुर्मेघमिवोत्थितम् ।।।।

Transliteration

tad apramādam ātiṣṭhan pratyudgaccha rathaṃ ripoh |

vidhvaṃsayitum icchāmi vāyur megham ivotthitam ||6.108.11||

Translation

ฉะนั้น จงตั้งมั่นด้วยความไม่ประมาท แล้วขับรถตรงเข้าหารถของศัตรู เราปรารถนาจะทำลายเขา—ดุจลมที่ลุกขึ้นแล้วสลายเมฆให้กระจัดกระจาย

Word by Word

• tad: then/therefore
• tad: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya-nibandhana usage (discourse particle): 'then/therefore'

• apramādam: alertness/non-negligence
• apramādam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: apramāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); object of 'ātiṣṭhan' (take up/maintain)

• ātiṣṭhan: maintaining/being steadfast
• ātiṣṭhan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√sthā (स्था धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
• Form: Kridanta present active participle (śatṛ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); 'maintaining/standing firm'

• pratyudgaccha: go forth to meet
• pratyudgaccha: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati-ud-√gam (गम् धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (imperative), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd person), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada

• ratham: chariot
• ratham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• ripoḥ: of the enemy
• ripoḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ripu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• vidhvaṃsayitum: to destroy
• vidhvaṃsayitum: Prayojana (प्रयोजनम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-√dhvaṃs (ध्वंस् धातु) + tumun (तुमुन्)
• Form: Kridanta infinitive (tumunanta)

• icchāmi: I wish
• icchāmi: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √iṣ (इष् धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (present), Uttama-puruṣa (1st person), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada

• vāyuḥ: wind
• vāyuḥ: Upamāna (उपमानम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāyu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• megham: cloud
• megham: Upameya (उपमेयम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: megha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• iva: like/as
• iva: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (indeclinable), upamā-vācaka particle

• utthitam: risen/raised
• utthitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ud-√sthā (स्था धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kridanta past passive participle (kta); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying 'megham'

Context

"Being alert, you drive the chariot towards Ravana, just as wind drives the cloud in the sky, as I wish to destroy him."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Mātali
• Rāvaṇa (enemy)
• Wind (Vāyu)
• Cloud (Megha)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma requires alert, purposeful action: righteous intent (protecting the world from adharma) must be matched by careful execution (apramāda).

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma commands Mātali to meet the oncoming enemy chariot directly, preparing for decisive engagement.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Determined restraint: Rāma’s resolve is intense, yet framed through disciplined vigilance rather than rage.