Shloka 20

ऐन्द्ररथप्रदानम्

Indra’s Chariot Offered to Rāma; The Duel Intensifies

Devanagari script

स गान्धर्वेणगान्धर्वंदैवंदैवेनराघवः ।अस्त्रंराक्षसराजस्यजघानपरमास्त्रवित् ।।।।

Transliteration

sa gāndharveṇa gāndharvaṁ daivaṁ daivena rāghavaḥ | astraṁ rākṣasarājasya jaghāna paramāstravit ||

Translation

พระราฆวะผู้ชำนาญในปรมาศตรา ทรงทำลายอาวุธของราชารากษส โดยใช้อาวุธคันธรรพ์ต้านคันธรรพ์ และใช้อาวุธทิพย์ต้านอาวุธทิพย์

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• गान्धर्वेण: by the Gandharva (missile)
• गान्धर्वेण: करण (Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गान्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; ‘by/with the Gandharva (weapon)’

• गान्धर्वम्: the Gandharva (missile)
• गान्धर्वम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गान्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• दैवम्: the divine (missile)
• दैवम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• दैवेन: by the divine (missile)
• दैवेन: करण (Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• राघवः: Rāghava (Rāma)
• राघवः: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अस्त्रम्: missile, weapon
• अस्त्रम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• राक्षस-राजस्य: of the rākṣasa-king
• राक्षस-राजस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक) + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘राक्षसानां राजा’

• जघान: struck down, destroyed
• जघान: क्रिया (Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हन् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• परम-अस्त्र-वित्: knower of supreme weapons
• परम-अस्त्र-वित्: विशेषण (Appositional epithet)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक) + अस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक) + विद् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘knower’)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष: ‘अस्त्राणां वित् (ज्ञाता)’; विशेषण/उपाधि राघवः

Context

Raghava who was highly skilled in the use of supreme weapons destroyed that missile presided over by Gandharvas and gods, released by Ravana.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Right action includes right means: Rama uses proportionate, knowledgeable counters—showing disciplined power guided by responsibility rather than rage.

What is the narrative situation?

Ravana releases a powerful missile; Rama neutralizes it by deploying corresponding higher weapon-knowledge.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Competence joined with restraint—Rama’s mastery (kauśala) and composure in crisis.