Shloka 5

प्रथमः सर्गः

Rama Praises Hanuman; Anxiety over Crossing the Ocean

Devanagari script

को विशेत्सुदुराधर्षां राक्षसैश्च सुरक्षिताम् ।यो वीर्यबलसम्पन्नो न समस्याद्धनूमतः ।।।।

Transliteration

ko viśet sudurādharṣāṃ rākṣasaiś ca surakṣitām | yo vīryabalasampanno na samasyād hanūmataḥ ||

Translation

ผู้ใดเล่าจะเข้าไปในลงกาซึ่งเข้าถึงได้ยากยิ่ง อันถูกรากษสเฝ้ารักษา—เว้นแต่ผู้มีเดชและกำลังดุจหนุมาน?

Word by Word

• kaḥ: who
• kaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); प्रश्नवाचक-सर्वनाम

• viśet: could enter
• viśet: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: viś (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• sudurādharṣām: very hard to assail
• sudurādharṣām: Karma (कर्म/Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su+dur+ādharṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (rākṣasaiḥ surakṣitām [laṅkām/purīm])

• rākṣasaiḥ: by rākṣasas
• rākṣasaiḥ: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• surakṣitām: well-guarded
• surakṣitām: Karma (कर्म/Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su+rakṣita (कृदन्त, rakṣ धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); सम्बन्धबोधक-यः (relative pronoun)

• vīrya-bala-sampannaḥ: endowed with valor and strength
• vīrya-bala-sampannaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vīrya+bala+sampanna (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); समासः तत्पुरुषः (वीर्येण बलेन च सम्पन्नः)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• samasyāt: would be equal
• samasyāt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam+as (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद; अर्थे 'समः स्यात्'

• hanūmataḥ: than Hanumān
• hanūmataḥ: Apadana (अपादान/standard of comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative), एकवचन (Singular); तुलना-प्रयोगे (than Hanumān)

Context

"Except for Hanuman, who is abounding in valour and strength, it is not possible for others to enter the inaccessible Lanka highly protected by rakshasas."

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Laṅkā
• rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes honoring excellence appropriately: acknowledging the rare fitness of a devotee-warrior for a perilous duty.

What is the narrative situation?

The success of the Laṅkā-entry mission is being framed as possible only due to Hanumān’s unique capacities.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Unmatched vīrya and bala (valor and strength) placed in the service of dharma.