Shloka 11

प्रथमः सर्गः

Rama Praises Hanuman; Anxiety over Crossing the Ocean

Devanagari script

अहं च रघुवंशश्च लक्ष्मणश्च महाबलः ।वैदेह्या दर्शनेनाद्य धर्मतः परिरक्षिताः ।।।।

Transliteration

ahaṃ ca raghuvaṃśaś ca lakṣmaṇaś ca mahābalaḥ |

vaidehyā darśanena adya dharmataḥ parirakṣitāḥ ||

Translation

“ด้วยการได้เห็นพระนางไวเทหีในวันนี้ เรา พร้อมด้วยพระลักษมณ์ผู้มีกำลังยิ่ง และวงศ์รฆุทั้งมวล ย่อมได้รับการคุ้มครองไว้โดยธรรม”

Word by Word

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तम-पुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• raghuvaṃśaḥ: the Raghu lineage (Rāma)
• raghuvaṃśaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raghuvaṃśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः (रघोः वंशः)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Lakṣmaṇa
• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• mahābalaḥ: mighty
• mahābalaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā+bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारयः (महद् बलं यस्य)

• vaidehyā: by Vaidehī (Sītā)
• vaidehyā: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaidehī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन

• darśanena: by (her) sight/meeting
• darśanena: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: darśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• adya: today/now
• adya: Kāla (काल/temporal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• dharmataḥ: rightfully, as per dharma
• dharmataḥ: Hetu (हेतु/according to)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dharmatas (अव्यय)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त-अव्यय (ablatival adverb): 'according to dharma'

• parirakṣitāḥ: have been protected
• parirakṣitāḥ: Kriya (क्रिया/participial predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pari+rakṣita (कृदन्त, rakṣ धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (Plural); विधेय (predicate)

Context

"On the other hand, it is a pity that I am not able to please such a person who has spoken pleasing words. Further this causes grief to me."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Vaidehī (Sītā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is framed as moral legitimacy and protection: the successful confirmation of Sītā’s welfare restores righteous order and duty-bound confidence for Rāma and his lineage.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān has reported seeing Sītā in Laṅkā; Rāma interprets this sighting as a decisive, dharma-supporting assurance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s maryādā (principled restraint): he measures success not only as strategy, but as restoration of righteous standing and familial responsibility.